POPPREVIEW: SHUTTERBUG FOLLIES


Double Day Books
September 2002
153 pages
Hardcover ISBN# 0385503466
$24.95 U.S.

Click for larger ImageSHUTTERBUG FOLLIES is the newest graphic collection by artist Jason Little. Born in 1970 and raised in Binghamton, New York, Jason studied photography at Oberlin College before moving to his current home in Brooklyn. Though you may know him best for his Xeric Award-winning JACK'S LUCK RUNS OUT about a hard drinking gambler down on his luck. Which has received acclaim from such creators as Matt Madden and Marc Bryant.

Shutterbug Follies is the first in a series of books following Bee "an insatiably curious girl who in this first story is working as a technician in a photomat. She looks at all her customers' photos, and this gives her a voyeuristic eye into their lives. When a crime-scene photographer brings in photos of an apparent suicide, she becomes suspicious and decides to investigate."

Bee began appearing on Jason's website www.beecomix.com, and can now be seen in the Duluth, Minnesota Ripsaw News. Jason admits that he's not been pushing as far with his promotion as he'd like to. "I've been very lazy about showing the strip to other papers lately. My next task is to start post-carding regularly."

For those following Bee's adventures on the web may have noticed that the webisodes are numbered up to 76 but the page count for SHUTTERBUG FOLLIES is 153, double the number of episodes. That's because each episode has been reformatted to make up a two-page spread in the book.

In creating this story Jason went back to his own roots in photography. "I had the same job as Bee, back when I was living in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The repetition of looking at frame after frame of negatives sharpened my eye for anything titillating - anything to relieve the tedium. But I was closely supervised, so I was too chicken to make my own copies of the juicy stuff." So now you know, they DO look at your photos. Now I know why they always give me funny looks.

Bee, the forerunner of the story is very spot on in her characterization. An often rare occurrence within the medium, Bee is a believable and interesting female character. "Bee is physically an amalgam of a variety of women I've known or seen around the city, particularly the cute hipster girls of Williamsburgh, Brooklyn. I also wanted her to be a sort of antidote to the physical female ideal that fashion magazines perpetuate. Her personality is completely invented, however."

One of the bonuses of this collection, something not as often a tool amongst alternative artists, is the colouring. Not just the use of colours in the strip and book, but the fact that Jason does it so well. "Colour is in some ways more ambitious, and in some ways lazy as well. I've grown rather addicted to it. For example, if you are working in black and white and you need to show that it's a sunny day, you have to draw some careful shadows to indicate the light. All I have to do is make the sky blue, and the climate is immediately apparent. Colour gives me a much broader set of tools to show these things. However, I aspire to work in black and white as well."

And following Bee's current adventures?

"In the next book - which, by the way, does not rely on having read the previous book - Bee begins a cross-country bike trip, but doesn't get far before she gets sidetracked. The working title is Hotel Art Improvement Service."

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Thanks to Jason for taking the time to chat, and for everyone who's enjoyed the preview pages provided here can check out the full-colour hardcover collection published by Doubleday, arriving in bookstores and comics shops on September 6th, 2002.

 


Interview conducted by Jonathan Ellis


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PopImage Interview - Marc Bryant Interviews Jason Little - January 2000

FIRST IMPRESSIONS 7/10 - 7/31


Welcome back to First Impressions at PopImage. This week, you’ll notice we’ve got several weeks of content divided by dates. Hopefully it’ll make digesting our choices a little easier.

This week’s reviews are by Jonathan Ellis (JE), Matt Singer (MS), and especially Brian J. Domingos (BJD).

WEEK OF 7/31/02

REX MUNDI # 0

Written by Arvid Nelson
Art By Eric J
Colours by Jeremy Cox
Image Comics - $ 2.95 U.S.

Coming this week, Arvid Nelson and Eric Johnson bring you a murder mystery of Biblical proportions. The search for the Holy Grail in a time period clouded with lies and danger begins here. One of the challenges the boys here had to face when premiering Rex was to create a very specific atmosphere, which they pulled off to a tee.

REX, like many other books on the stands today, is not what you’d call a toilet read but is rather an intriguing tale where everything is not what it seems and deeper meaning can be found… If you’re willing to look

“ET IN ARCADIA EGO”


An investigation that begins as a favor turns into something much, much more in this premiere issue. As all good and proper debuts should, this issue sets the tone for things to come, makes the first move in the build of an epic with a chess masters precision and kicks off with fantastic quality artwork. REX MUNDI is the book you complain about not having and need to be reminded of its existence. Consider this your official reminder.

In stores this week from Image comics.
(JE)


WEEK OF 7/17/02


AUTOMATIC KAFKA # 1
Written by Joe Casey
Art by Ashley Wood
$ 2.95 U.S. $ 4.95 CAN
WildStorm: Eye of The Storm

Bullets, drugs and greasy metal kisses.

Automatic Kafka smells like sex in a steel factory and is almost as pretty. Joe and Ashley get extra points with me, simply for the fact they’re trying something NEW. Whether this is just the product of drug-addled insanity or a cleverly layered comics revolution, I don’t care - ‘cause along the way at least it’ll be an entertaining ride. KAFKA will not be restricted to a singular plan, but rather will be a sexy disjointed journey through the mind of a man who once claimed the title of super hero. (JE)

AUTOMATIC KAFKA, the second of Wildstorm’s EYE OF THE STORM mature-line, is the story of an android superhero that had a brush with death and is taken on a crash course of a “this is your life” sort of jobby job. A little bit of time travel and a whole lot of deja vu brings him back from the edge of death to take his “life” in a new direction.

I like Joe Casey’s take on superheroes. He treats them with respect without dredging up past stories. He takes the themes that he enjoys and uses them as he wants. He’s not afraid to get his hands dirty and the end result is usually a sight to be seen. If WILDCATS is any indication, this is going to be a hell of a ride.

Ashley Wood’s art works on this book perfectly. A lot of people don’t think it appropriate for this sort of book, but I think it’s just right. There’s all the texture and depth you need for a book about a trash talkin’ robot.

Check it out. (BJD)


Y: THE LAST MAN #1
Writer: Brian K. Vaughn
Artists: Pia Guerra (p), Jose Marzan (i)
Vertigo/DC
Ongoing Series
$2.95

Y: THE LAST MAN follows Yorick, the last living male life form on Earth, (oh, and Ampersand his monkey) on a search for his long lost love. The book moves through the last 29 minutes of life in a male run society.

Vaughan sets up the situations on women in positions of power who are still doubted and disrespected by men based only on the fact that they are women. There's Colonel Tse’elon, a freedom fighter in the West Bank; Agent 355, a superspy in Al Karak, Jordan; Dr. Mann, a biochemist from Boston, Ma; as well as Yorick’s own mother Jennifer Brown, a Representative in Congress who encounters male opposition everywhere she goes. Through these supporting characters, he has already shown a sample of what women around the world have to go through on a daily basis.

Then there’s Yorick, a part-time street magician and sort of loser, who is supposedly humanity's only hope. Vaughan also supplied the last page, chock full of statistics of just how male-centric the world was before the mysterious plague. It shows the grand scale of the sudden gap in society and the massive shoes Yorick has been thrust into.

The art work is simplistic, yet detailed in a minimalist sort of way. It’s a very human story, so Guerra was perfect for human portrayals. Ooo, and fantastic covers by J. G. (Marvel Boy, Black Widow) Jones.

I see a lot of promise in this book. The plot is fascinating, and Vaughan made a terrific entrance with this first issue. (BJD)



ELEKTRA: GLIMPSE & ECHO #1
Writer/Artist: Scott Morse
Mini series
MARVEL KNIGHTS/ Marvel
$2.99

I was curious to see Scott Morse’s work on ELEKTRA, frankly, just because I couldn’t picture it. Well, now I can. He mixes all the good action stuff from SOULWIND and MAGIC PICKLE and his ear for dialogue from VOLCANIC REVOLVER and gives us an interesting look at Elektra Natchios.

He plays off of her subtlety, as well as her isolationism, independence and irascible attitude. He sets her up with a guy named Rick and a job and tosses a pain in the ass (aren’t they all?) ninja in the mix.

Honestly, this book is worth it from Morse’s artwork alone. The character is next, followed by a now passable plot. I’ll pick up the next, for more Morse magic, but it might be worth waiting for the trade. Marvel’s been weird about this stuff, so who knows? (BJD)

Scott Morse seems to be working through some issues with death. He’s followed up the drenched-in-death ANCIENT JOE with ELEKTRA: GLIMPSE & ECHO. The plot isn’t particularly gripping, but Morse’s art is gorgeous, and in color, something we don’t get to see too often. Elektra’s usually like an alien space ship, all curved lines, but Morse’s angular take is a whole lot cooler. For Morse fans, this is a definite must-read. (MS)


WEEK OF 7/10/02


VERTIGO POP: Tokyo #1
Writer: Jonothan Vankin
Artist: Seth Fisher
Vertigo/DC
$2.95

Jonothan Vankin and Seth Fisher give us a first hand look at the life of Steve, an American obsessed with technology, who has been emersed into Japanese culture face first. He buys all the electronics he can get his hands on, he gets arrested because the police think he’s using a counterfeit phone card and is rescued by a 16 year old teeny bopper and dragged into a backstage fist fight at a pop concert.

It’s not your average comic and it’s certainly far from the usual Vertigo book. There’s a lot of style and class and Steve is just at a loss of how to deal with all he sees. Vankin draws some of his own experiences into the book, although it is not autobiographical in the least. Fisher is the perfect artist for the book, doing his thing with his usual slick, solid, detailed artwork.

I’m interested to see what other trouble Steve gets into, and the VERTIGO POP: LONDON book should be a treat as well. (BJD)



BEAUTIFUL KILLER #1
Writer: Jimmy Palmiotti
Artist: Phil Noto
Black Bull Entertainment
$2.99


The Black Bull books have never seemed all that interesting to me. I’ve never really cared for the Ennis stuff, so I pretty much dropped it from my radar. This time, it was the art by Phil Noto that got me interested. His covers on BIRDS OF PREY (BoP for God’s sake...) get me curious in his work.

He’s good. Noto could be one of the best. He has a sharp eye for storytelling and portrays emotion quite well. It reads like Bill Sienkiewicz inking Kyle Baker. It’s fluid and moody and just right for this project.

Palmiotti impressed the hell out of me. He’s channeling The French Connection and The Professional. He pulled off the “assassin daughter of super spies” flawlessly. It’s got a real 70’s action movie feel to it.

This is just great. I’ll be following this ride until the end. (BJD)

I had given up on Black Bull Comics after being disappointed with all their previous books, and I’ve never liked the way Wizard Magazine covers Black Bull comics and pretends its journalism. I picked up this book after reading Brian’s very positive review, and I must admit, I enjoyed it as much as he did. Palmiotti, who has never impressed me before as a writer, has created an intriguing cast of characters, and artist Phil Noto is a distinctive new talent. His pencils-and-paint art is gorgeous. Something tells me he’s going to be real big; here’s your chance to get in on the ground floor before Wizard is telling people that BEAUTIFUL KILLER is worth hundreds of dollars. (MS)



SKY BETWEEN BRANCHES #0
Writer/Artist: Joshua Middleton
Com.X
$2.99

I picked this up primarily due to the one page ad for it in the CLA$$WAR book. It’s ten pages of things to come, shown through minimalist writing and beatiful artwork. The sketch book in the back shows the raw talent, and gives a peek into what Middleton’s point is. It’s worth a look. (BJD)


STORMWATCH: TEAM ACHILLES 1
Writer: Micah Ian Wright
Artists: Whilce Portacio (pencils/colors); Scott Williams (inks)
Wildstorm/DC
$2.95

It’s no secret that I’m a big fan of old Wildstorm characters. I read STORMWATCH back before Warren Ellis had ever heard of it, and I saw just how much potential Benito Santini and the Black Razors had from a nearly forgetable WILDC.A.T.S story that James Robinson wrote a thousand years ago. Santini is back, and this time he’s part of STORMWATCH. The new SW has different policies regarding superhumans. They kill them dead.


STORMWATCH: TEAM ACHILLES is the debue of the Wildstorm “Eye of the Storm” mature line, marks the first series for writer Micah Ian Wright as well as the return of Whilce Portacio to monthly comics (surprisingly enough as penciler and colorist). Wright has a firm grasp of war tactics and has already shown a bit of what he’s capable of. He could be the Chuck Dixon of the next generation. His dialogue is real and his characters have personalities that fit perfectly. They do a job and all the awful things that come along with it, because it IS their job. No questions asked.

I think this book will be a lot of fun. The art is nice, the characters are strong and the plot is interesting. Best of luck to Wright and Crew on this new book. Give it a try. (BJD)

 


First Impressions is PopImage's regular review column about the industry's most interesting new releases.


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INTERVIEW: Rex Mundi Creators Arvid Nelson & Eric J
Interview Conducted by Jonathan Ellis
Click on thumbnails for larger images


"A murder mystery of Biblical proportions"


"Rex Mundi is a tale of murder, blasphemy, intrigue and the occult set in Paris during the early 1930s, but in a world that is only superficially similar to our own. In Rex Mundi, the Catholic Church never lost its grip on power, nor did the landed aristocracy. Magic also exists, in the form of Cabalistic rites and rituals. Secret societies fill the political landscape. The characters of Rex Mundi have stumbled onto a society claiming to posses the Holy Grail itself. But as they soon discover, the Grail is not merely a cup. It is a secret so profound it threatens to topple the monarchies of Europe and plunge the world into a devastating war. Discovering the Grail's mystery becomes the driving quest for the characters of Rex Mundi."

Featuring story and art by newcomers Arvid Nelson and Eric J., Rex Mundi is in finer comic stores everywhere RIGHT NOW.

It's times like these it makes me glad to be a comics reader. The creators of REX recently took some time to talk to us about their forthcoming premiere.

Click for larger imagePOPIMAGE: Before we move onto the premiere issue of REX MUNDI, lets tackle something people may be more familiar with - your popular webcomic BROTHER MATTHEW. When did this begin? Why did you decide to offer it as a free online strip, especially considering it maintains a higher level of quality then most online strips? And how does this tie into the world of Rex Mundi?

ERIC
- We started Rex Mundi: Brother Matthew a little over a year ago. Frankly early on I was dead against any kind of webcomic. I had read Scott McCloud's Reinventing Comics, and while I was down with his "new" thinking, I wasn't down with the notion of comics on the web. At about the same time my brother, who's an internet network engineer that founded his own company, one of the few dot coms founded in the late nineties that's still going and doing well, I might add, started bugging me about doing a webcomic, and started to wear away my resolve against the idea, but it wasn't until I saw the Powers strip that Bendis and Oeming were doing for none other than PopImage, and then read an interview with Steve Conley about Astounding Space Thrills and some other webcomics that I really started to like the idea. There just were too many reasons to do it that we couldn't ignore. In the very beginning it was strictly a money thing, there was the whole promise of an incoming revenue stream, which ultimately didn't pan out frankly. Beyond that, and more importantly to us at the time was the fact that we had this nice new website, and we not only wanted content that would keep people coming back to the site and hopefully be a constant reminder that Rex was coming, but would also give readers a look at our work, for free, in advance of the book. Let's face it, we were going to self publish Rex Mundi, and we were looking for every possible method to let people know that we were out there, you know? And, there was also the fact that we are total unknowns, Rex Mundi being the first work for Arvid, myself, and our colourist at the time, Asa Taylor. If we put up a free webcomic then we could show people how we tell a story. From that standpoint we had to put up our best work other wise it wouldn't be truly representative of what the book would eventually look like.

Thing is, though, that I had some ideas of what the strip should accomplish, and really loosely that it should be related to Rex, but honestly not at all what it should be specifically about. Arvid came up with the idea to make it about a young inquisitor, Brother Matthew, and his investigations. Basically, with the strip centered around an inquisitor we get to see inside the Inquisition a lot more than we probably will in the book. Actually, this idea of exploring parts of the world of Rex Mundi outside of the scope of the main story in the book has become one of the main points in the RM:BM "mission statement". Arvid's created such a deep and extensively detailed world to set Rex in, that we're not going to be able to show as much as we'd like, so in the webstrip we'll be able to delve deeper into some of those cooler aspects, the Inquisition especially.

How has having a website and attention from the Brother Matthew strip gone to help in terms of promoting the Rex Mundi project?

ERIC
- Well, I think it's fair to say that it's helped immeasurably. Beyond the web strip we tried to fill the website itself with as much information as we could possibly squeeze in, and tried to make it as dynamic and interesting as possible. I think that we've got a very interesting story, but it's a deep and involved story that demands a little investment from the reader because it's not just a slam bang action story, it's not just a story about dudes in tights beating each other up. It's the sort of story that if we can grab the imagination I think readers will want to stay with us, but hooking the imagination is the trick right now, and to do that we had to find some different ways to get our message out. So the design of the website was really important in that regard, as was RM: Brother Matthew, but beyond that we've tried to be very accessible to our readers through e-mail and our forum, and also through our newsletter that we've been sending out every two weeks, give or take, since we started RM: Brother Matthew. We've also worked really, really hard to get people to notice RM: Brother Matthew by announcing our updates on other boards. I think that RM: Brother Matthew updating every couple of weeks, and the newsletter going out every couple weeks as well, have helped us keep the readers that we're able to attract involved, even though Rex has been longer than expected in coming. That's important, too, because we planned on releasing Rex months ago, but hooking up with Image we had to follow their schedule, which, at the time made it necessary for it to come out in August. Honestly that delay's been a good thing for us, because looking back I'm not certain we could have stayed on schedule had we come out when we planned to. Now, I don't think we'll have that much of a problem with it, in large part because we've been learned quite a bit by doing RM: Brother Matthew, and the strip also let us keep our readers involved in the interim.

Another huge benefit is that now that Rex is about to come out, the press kind of has something to go on, if you know what I mean. I mean so far the press is being very kind to us, and I have to believe that's in large part due to the fact that we have RM: BM up and they can see us in action, so to speak, but also explore the website and get a ton of background info. Eric (Stephenson, Director of Marketing at Image) also suggested that we put the book up under a special URL on our website so that retailers and the press could get a look at it, and we've tried to make that as available as we can to those people. The results of that have been several very nice advance reviews of the book. Since Rex Mundi is our first printed work, I imagine it would be incredibly difficult getting very much, if any press notice if we didn't have RM: Brother Matthew running for the last year plus, etc., even with Image behind us.

Click for larger imageYou know, it's funny, like I said before, initially the idea of a webcomic was just totally not something I thought I'd ever be into, but once we did start to do RM: BM it was such an instantly gratifying thing. It became something that really kept us going when things got tough. Putting out a comic isn't an easy thing, and especially not when you're essentially a two, sometimes three, person operation and you're trying to do things in a more macro fashion. You know really trying to make your book a success on a largish scale, but in an indy way, it gets really tough. So putting up the webcomic every couple weeks we got to feel like we accomplished something, and getting feedback from readers kind of kept us pepped up. But at the same time, we try to make BM as good as we can, and so it becomes this big production as well, especially promoting it. Honestly, working so hard to promote RM:BM, and in the process running across so many good comics on the web, I've done, like a ninety degree turn on my opinion of webcomics. I still love print comics and always will, but I routinely tell aspiring creators that are trying to get their thing going to consider the web, because it just makes sense for so many reasons. It's really very distressing, though, because almost without fail when you mention the option of doing a comic on the web as opposed to as a mini, for instance, they just get this look on their face that you just know means that they've tuned you out. On the one hand I guess I get it, I had that same initial reaction, but I hope that, if we're successful at all with Rex, some of these people will start to recognize the potential benefits that the web offers, especially to new talent. And to be fair, there is a small, but growing, community out there that's embracing the web as a tool and as a medium through which they can tell their stories and hone their craft. I find more and more, though, that there seem two fairly clearly delineated camps; one that embraces the web to the exclusion of print totally, and one that shuns the web completely in favor of print. It just seems a little absurd to me, up until now, we've utilized the web to both tell a story, complete unto itself, but that also would serve to promote our comic book in the best possible way, by displaying our ability. And, like I say, if we do have any success with Rex I think it's going to have to be recognized how important the web was in achieving that. Further, once the books starts coming out regularly, I hope that it'll be recognized how we're planning on using the internet and print comic in tandem to keep our readers engaged. And hopefully then the people that we try to talk to about this kind of thing will be a little more open to the possibilities. We'll see.

August sees the release of REX MUNDI # 0, and I think my impression mirrors that of many others - you best damn well follow-up on this and not leave us hanging.

ERIC
- Oh, yeah, there's no chance of that happening. We have every reason to believe at this point that we're going to be with Image for a long time, which is very cool with us. We've been really happy with how Image has treated us so far, even if it has been sort of a strange trip compared to your average Image book, but I do have to recognize the small possibility that we might not be with Image after the 0 issue. That's obviously not something that we want to see happen, but there are other options as far as publishers are concerned, and if worst comes to worst we'll just put it out under our own banner. That's really the only question, how will it come out, because it will come out. Honestly, though, we really are hoping it's with an Image "I" on the cover. After that comes the question of when we can expect to see issue #1 come out, and again, that's going to depend quite a bit on Image, but we're working to be ready for a bi-monthly schedule immediately, working toward monthly as quickly as we can. Getting on a monthly schedule's honestly just going to depend on how well our sales are, but there shouldn't be much of a lag between issue #0 and issue #1 if we can help it.

The art is fantastic, straight down to the colouring, but what interests me is that Eric is still relatively young. Which just makes this all even more impressive.

ERIC
- Thanks, man. Yeah, I'm still young. I just turned 30 in May, so I'm not as young as some guys breaking in, but I really don't think that has any bearing on anything really. Actually, I was just over on the Image message board talking about this, and relating that there used to be a submissions editor over at Marvel that insisted on knowing how old a person that was submitting was. This particular editor truly thought that at some certain age, which I'm sure he alone got to arbitrarily pick, if a person wasn't in they should just stop trying.
"I loved the idea of a secret tradition passed down from teacher to student over hundreds of years, and the idea that the Gospels' accounts of Christ's ministry were somehow incorrect or incomplete. I mean, how many stories could you write based on just that idea?"
It was just such an asinine idea I thought, so I stopped submitting to Marvel, or even trying to see their editors at cons because of it. I have no idea if they still do that or not, but it speaks to a strange fixation on youth, that's not even really strictly limited to the comic industry, but pervades our culture as a whole. My feeling has always been that people develop at different rates due to any number of reasons, and frankly, if my path had been any different I don't think that my art would be getting noticed right now. It just took me a while to focus and really decide what I wanted to do, first of all, and then, further, to decide what I wanted to do artistically. The main thing to me is that I consider my art to be very young, meaning that I'm still trying to push it farther and farther, hopefully getting better continuously. Honestly, it seems like the last couple of years have just seen a few quantum leaps in the quality of my art, and I'm hoping that that continues, because I'm still not personally all that happy with where I'm at, but that's part of it too; not ever being satisfied and always pushing yourself to get better. I still consider myself to be very young, though I realize that some of these cats that are my age have been working for ten years or more, but again I just don't think that you can apply any one timetable to a group of people. I think if you're trying to follow someone else's path you're doing yourself an incredible disservice. For me, I've needed all of my life experiences, in and out of comics to get to this place, and I feel very nicely prepared for this new part of my life. It's exciting, and hopefully just the beginning of a long career.

There's a heavy religious presence in these works, did this stem from interests in Gnosticism, Catholicism, bad childhood experiences?

ARVID
- I was brought up Episcopalian, and my church was actually very easy going and nurturing. I liked learning about the Bible. I thought it was very eloquent and beautifully written. I don't count myself a Christian anymore, but Sunday School certainly got me thinking about religion. I more or less forgot about that interest as the years progressed and I grew more and more cynical about God, faith and Christianity, but I rediscovered theology my last term of college, when I took a course on Hinduism and Buddhism. I realized that Christianity-in its purest form, at any rate-and eastern religions have a lot of similarities, in fact, a striking amount. It helped me to see Christianity from a new perspective, and eventually I started reading about Gnosticism. For those that don't know, "Gnosticism," was a very, very early form of Christianity, and the Gnostics (as they called themselves) actually believed they had special, "secret" teachings from Jesus that orthodox Christians could never understand or accept. I loved the idea of a secret tradition passed down from teacher to student over hundreds of years, and the idea that the Gospels' accounts of Christ's ministry were somehow incorrect or incomplete. I mean, how many stories could you write based on just that idea?

There‚s also a lot of Greek references, was Greek history a big influence on the book, or was that merely referenced in relation to the religious themes?

ARVID
- Greek and particularly Roman history are going to play an important part of the mystery. More than that I don't want to say because it will ruin some surprises. Just look out for classical references; they're there on purpose.

Click for larger imageThe church also maintains a power equating them to somewhat of a police force, was this based specifically on history or might this have been spurned on by current day events?

ARVID
- The Holy Inquisition actually did have all the power of the KGB or the FBI back when the church had more political power. As the Roman Empire disintegrated, bishops actually started acting like mayors, governors and even kings. The Inquisition was literally their police force. Today the Catholic church obviously doesn't have very much political power, at least not the kind that can be measured directly. I think in the end it probably does a lot more good than it does harm, but as the child-rape scandals demonstrate, it's still governed by a very perverse mixture of faith and realpolitik, altruism and greed. That's the why I think the Holy Inquisition in Rex Mundi relates to our world. Religion is and probably always will be high on the list of excuses for bloodthirsty guttersnipes.

One thing your site offers is a very detailed history lesson, detailing everything from terminology to influences. What made you decide to include so much? Was this done to serve a certain intent, or inform of a specific message?

ARVID
- One of my favorite things about Frank Herbert's book "Dune" is the glossary at the back of the book. The reader can find out about the terms at his or her leisure, and it enhances the enjoyment of the book immensely without slowing down the pace. We wanted to do the same thing, but I've done so much research for Rex Mundi that I could never include an appendix in print form. First of all, each issue is only 22 pages long: how could I include another 100 pages of appendices with every episode? That's too much even for a TPB. A website was the perfect solution. It's available whenever readers want, and it doesn't kill trees. It's also infinitely expandable. We plan on making some additions: I want to post a bibliography of the materials I researched, and I want to add some more terms to the glossary (when I actually have time!).

ERIC- It's just all about creating as detailed and believable a world as we can, and a big part of that is creating a history that we and our readers can be aware of to enrich the overall story. We're trying to achieve as complete an immersion as we can. That's one of the big things that franchises like Dune, Lord of the Rings, Star Trek, Star Wars, and most mainstream comics share is this detailed, shared history that enriches the experience for both casual and hardcore readers. It also provides a basis for a community to come together on, and hopefully Rex will inspire something like that. The only way that will happen is if we provide readers with a truly genuine and immersive, quality story, and to do that we have to provide as much information as we can to our readers.

Another theme in the book is magic, which has about as many different interpretations as there are people on Earth. How does magic fit into the book? To its religious aspects? To your own lives?

ARVID
- I like the idea of so-called "real" magic. The standard pointy-hatted-wizard-flinging-fireballs-from-his-hands magic just seems a little bit boring and pat. In the course of my research for Rex Mundi I have discovered a vast, and I mean vast, amount of weird, mystical and magical theology behind the "respectable" veneer of orthodox Judaism and Christianity. Again, the similarity to eastern religions, particularly to Hinduism, is profoundly eerie. I think most Westerners regard the eastern faiths as "mystical" and "weird," but I have come to conclusion that there are no weirder religions on this earth than Christianity and Judaism. As far as the magic goes in Rex Mundi, I try to keep it pretty tightly constrained to what has been passed off as "real" by Jewish and Christian mystics. I think the closer Rex Mundi is to reality, the more compelling the mystery will be. As to my own life, I'm not sure that I believe in magic, but I'm a lot less skeptical than I used to be. My mother is interested in Shamanism and frequently goes to Ecuador to learn from the native masters. I've seen and heard some pretty interesting things.

Click for larger imageThe setting is very specific and detailed. What made this time and place so important as to serve as the background to your story?

ARVID
- A few reasons. Number one, I love French movies from the early 30s. They have a wonderfully dark and romantic tone that we try to capture in Rex Mundi. Number two, I love Paris, and I love French people. In the States, being interested in comics, Japanese animation or whatever is likely to make you a pariah. Over there it seemed much more accepted. I was walking around Paris one day in an Akira t-shirt and a few times people on the street would say (in a thick French accent) "AKIRA! SUPER-COOL!" I actually had the idea for Rex Mundi while in Paris. I just felt so liberated, I thought "this is how a gay person must feel when they come out." My mind kept turning and clicking. Rex Mundi was the result.

There seems to be a recent rise in sharp intelligent works with such books as POP GUN WAR, PARADIGM and your own REX MUNDI. Any theories on this rise in quality from comics?

ARVID
- Thanks for including us! I actually think that there have always been intelligent comics out there; you just need to look in the right places. Comics have been intelligent ever since Windsor McCay. We'd certainly be pleased to be to the far right of the bell curve!

ERIC- Yeah, I agree, there have always been intelligent comics, but the problem has been that you do need to know where to look. I think the thing that we're seeing now, and it's really been happening for a few years now is that intelligent comics are creeping more and more into the mainstream. It's hard to say why it's happening specifically because I think you can point to quite a few reasons for it. Among those would be an aging fandom that's outgrowing the stories of their youth, but still carry with them the love of the medium. There are also those like Warren Ellis who have been championing for this sort of shift for years in his newsletters, columns on the web, interviews, and his forum. Then there are creators like Arvid and myself that just want to be genuinely proud of our work, you know? That's not to say that you can't be proud of your work creating super-hero comics, because they can be startlingly intelligent as well when they want to be, but an entire medium can't be defined by one genre.
"Comics are an attractive medium to more people than I think many realize, but only if the medium is being used as a delivery system for stories that people want to experience."
One of the few surefire ways to increase the health of the industry is to give more of what people want to more people. Comics are an attractive medium to more people than I think many realize, but only if the medium is being used as a delivery system for stories that people want to experience.

I think that it goes beyond guys like Ellis, though, and on to editors that have been bold and a bit farsighted at times and O-Kaying, and championing books like THE AUTHORITY, STARMAN, The revamped X-FORCE, BLACK PANTHER; mainstream books that challenge the reader with more sophisticated storytelling ideas, and show a little of what comics can be, and that lead readers to search for other, more obscure books. I think you also have to give it up to that cats at Image for being bold and standing behind, and giving a wider audience to non-traditional superhero books like POWERS, and flat out non-superhero books period, like THE AGE OF BRONZE, THE RED STAR, and VIOLENT MESSIAHS.

It's funny, but when we first started trying to think of publishers to take Rex to, we looked at those four books and thought that Image was a no-brainer as a first choice. We thought that we'd fit right in, but when we started to broach the idea to some folks we kept getting told that they were looking for more superhero books and not books like Rex. We went ahead and submitted, and frankly had a strange road in getting there, but now we look around us, and, with the exception of THE RED STAR, those titles from the "second wave" are still there, but you've got a bit of a "third wave", as I call it, coming up as well with Jim Mahfood's STUPID COMICS and a new GRRL SCOUTS mini series coming up, PARADIGM, LIBERTY MEADOWS, and others. If we're included among those books it's flattering, and frankly, something I think we can be proud of.

Do either of you have any desires to work on mainstream titles or with mainstream characters? I think you two could make a nice addition to the Vertigo team at some point.

ARVID
-Wow, thanks again! Eric and I have lots of ideas. Frankly, speculating right now, as far as I'm concerned, would be very presumptuous. I will only say that I have some stories I really want to tell, and so does Eric. And I really hope I'll be working with him on at least one more project.

ERIC- Yeah, we've talked about a couple of things. You know, I have this really morbid curiosity to see what Arvid would do with a mainstream superhero title because he doesn't read superhero comics at all, and has absolutely no comprehension of the conventions that most mainstream comics writers, frankly, overuse. I've told people that I expect that he might write stories akin to Ellis, Grant Morrison, James Robinson, and so on, for just that reason. I want to be there to draw that story because I think it'll be a real kick in the pants if you catch me. As for anything with Vertigo, I don't know, we'll see. That assumes they would even want us, and in the past they haven't been all that receptive. Of course that was a couple years ago and we're (read "I'm") a lot better than the last time we talked to them. We're never going to absolutely rule anything out, you know? I do have a Dr. Mid-Night project that I'd love to do in the vein of Sandman Mystery Theater, and I also have a JLA Elseworlds story that I'd like to do, but those are way down the road, and I'm only going to get involved with them if they let me write them.

Click for larger imageHonestly, I hope our relationship with Image continues and grows stronger, because I think, even with our sort of strange position with them as of right now, we really genuinely like the cats there, we're comfortable. It really seems to be a great place to put out a comic in a very indy sense, in that we're doing a lot on our own, but with the incredible support that they can offer as well as the increased audience that the "I" delivers. Arvid and I both have some ideas that we'd really like to pursue, and Image is, like I said before, just an ideal home for them, but we'll see what happens after Rex #0 comes out. Like I say, hopefully this is just the beginning of a nice long relationship with the "I", but if not, there is at least one other attractive possibility out there now, and we've got some friends there that would make it pretty comfortable as well.

With the church maintaining a level of power, that leaves open a lot of potential targets. Anyone with their own belief system for instance, but specifically, are the members of the Jewish community the underdogs?

ARVID
- Yes indeed. European society is virulently anti-Semitic, on a par close to that of Nazi Germany. In fact, the main character, Dr. Saunière, gets in trouble from time to time because he has Jewish patients, which is against the policy of the Guild of Physicians. One of his patients is a rabbi, and he's going to be an important source of information and support throughout the story.

In Rex Mundi, Protestant Christianity only exists in the form of underground societies, because the Inquisition enforces Catholic dogma the same way the United States enforces its drug laws. Some of these societies are violent, even terrorist organizations, as is hinted at in the opening of the Brother Matthew story online.

Islam is also a big threat to Christianity, but in Rex Mundi Charlemagne failed to expel the moors from Spain, and the Ottomans still cling to Serbia and Greece. Islam is going to become important later on in the story.

What sort of cast can those unfamiliar with the story expect with the upcoming release of REX MUNDI?

ARVID
-Like most mysteries, there are a few main characters, and a large supporting cast. The story follows the model of a detective movie, but instead of cops you have the Holy Inquisition, and instead of gangsters you have sorcerers and occultists. The "detective" character is Julien Sauniere, a brilliant but unambitious and alcoholic doctor with a Guild-licensed practice in Paris. His friend, Father Marin, is a Catholic priest with a weakness that has put his life into extreme danger. Genevieve Tournon is another member of the Guild of Physicians. She and Julien have a past, but she is very ambitious and has just landed a prestigious post as personal physician to the Duke of Lorraine. Lorraine is a very powerful French nobleman and politician who becomes important later on.

The Inquisition is also a major player in the story. They're probably the most visually striking characters in the book. They wear spooky metal masks and robes, and they are really nasty, remorseless motherfuckers.

Click for larger imageWhat sort of target market are you trying to reach, offering something original in comics form, who do you expect your readers to be?

ARVID
-We hope that Rex Mundi will have a little bit to offer everyone. On one level, it's a straightforward, suspense and action-filled mystery. On another level, it's an exploration of esoteric Christianity and European history. At the end of the day, we hope it will appeal to people that like good stories and good comics.

ERIC- Yeah, we're definitely shooting for a wide audience. I don't know if I'd say we're really targeting the mainstream audience specifically, though. I mean as any comic is going to, we have a primarily male audience right now, but we've also got a proportionately large female audience so far as well, which we're particularly proud of because we tend to see that as a sign that we're doing something that's intriguing to a notoriously more finicky base of fans than your typical North American male reader (sorry guys, but it's true). I think that the themes, situations, and events, and so on that we're playing with in Rex are intriguing to a startlingly wide audience. Witness the popularity of cable channels like the Discovery Channel, The History Channel, and TLC, among others, that seem to have shows like Mysteries of the Bible in heavy rotation. Mention the strange, the occult, religion, secret histories to most people, and their ears perk up. These are the sorts of things that pique the curiosity in an astonishingly large amount of people. So we think that the idea is interesting, our task then is to represent it in a way that avoids clichés, presents a world that readers can believe exists, and do so in an entertaining way, if we can do that I think that we can potentially find a very wide audience, even, if we dare to hope, an audience that includes people that don't normally read comics. We'll see what happens.

And we'll be there watching.

Good luck boys.

 


Jonathan Ellis is Interviews Editor for PopImage


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INTERVIEW: Matthew Blackett a.k.a. Zine Star: M@B
Interview conducted by Jonathan Ellis
Artwork Copyright Matthew Blackett


Matthew Blackett passes his days in Toronto as a graphic designer and freelance digital artist. When not discussing last nights episode of The Simpsons around the water cooler or getting hit on by the cleaning lady, Matt likes to pass his time creating the slice of life and politically charged comic strip; M@B.

Since its debut in October of 1998 the comic has appeared in such magazines as Rosco, Soma, Pi, Chart, Neksis, Verbicide, EYE, This, Kiss Machine, sceneandheard.ca and Broken Pencil. On the side, Matt also creates the comic called Nachos For Sven.


For the newbies, introduce yourself and tell us about M@B.

Hi! Jeez, it's nice to see so many of you here! I'm Matt Blackett and I draw a comic called m@b. I've been self-publishing the comic since 1998. It was a pretty low-budget zine for a year and a half. Since the 21st century began, I've committed a lot of time to it. Each issue is a collection of 60 three-paneled strips that comes out every fours months. It's from the semi-autobiographical genre, so there's no real plot. But a lot of things happen that end up making these vignettes read as one story.

Explain the idea behind the launch party and how the process works.

Well, here in Toronto I give the comic away for free. Kinda. I have a bunch of stores that carry the comic regularly and people can just pick up the current issue. Each time I release a new issue I throw a release party, which acts as a fundraiser for the costs of putting it out for free. I have bands and artists do their things. At my most recent show my friends Sean and Amit and Aaron had their short films and photos projected on to the walls of the club. I had a band and an acoustic act perform as well. It's mutually beneficial for all of us -- I bring out a bunch of my readers, they bring their followings and friends, and we expose these groups to new experiences. I always pick up first time readers from the bands, and I have friends go and see bands that they first saw at a m@b release party. I call it cross-breeding.

Recently you've been compared to other Toronto artists, Chester Brown, Joe Matt, and Seth. How do you feel being grouped in with the three?

What do you think?!? My chest gets all puffy reading that. But it's actually far from the truth. These guys are at the top of the heap. To clarify, the magazine wrote that I'm part of a 'new generation of Toronto cartoonists, the heirs to the throne' of the aforementioned. To be told that you're the heir to the throne of anything based on your talent, you should be proud.

How often do you find, experiences from the TTC work their way into your strip?

Like, everyday! Public transit is a godsend, I tells ya. Instead of driving a car and getting mad at everyone on the road (cuz that's what I do) and spewing a few toxins into the air, I get to read or watch people or let my mind wander. Man, you never know the make-up of a city until you ride the transit. It's the perfect mix of everyone.

There's often a common trend among certain autobiographical comics of the dateless cracker ass loser freak. Did you have any worries of how you would come off to the reader in representing yourself in print?

Well, for a while a new reader wouldn't have known if the comic was an autobio or a story disguised as an autobio. That kinda mystique disappeared when m@b started getting reviewed and magazine's began to ask me questions. When I created the comic I chose to keep the names and appearances the same as their real-life inspirations. I figured that it was silly to call my character 'Jeff' or Nick's character 'Billy'. You know? I wanted the comic to come across as honest, so why not start off on a good foot?

I get people who always ask, "Did this really happen to you?" And most of the time it is true -- but I gotta fit these weird and random events into three panels. So sometimes I simplify the story. Or re-word something so it has the same meaning but is said a much more clear manner. Or I add a friend to a scene or incident. I sometimes have to remind people that it's a comic, not a sworn affidavit.

A large number of your supporters include music related publications. Aside from the parties do you find there's a strong correlation between your strip and music?

Music plays a big role in my life. Besides it being on all the time in my apartment, my friends are in bands or they're DJs or audiophiles. Plus, Soundscapes (the store that acts as m@b HQ) is a fantastic indie rock shop.

But I think there is a strong connection between what I'm doing and what bands are doing. I think the indie publishing world is just beginning to blossom. You do the same things as bands: make a product, tell people about it, get people to come look at your work, distribute. And they're both kind of exhibitionist. But the inde-publishing world is currently at the stage where indie rock labels were at in the late-80s and early 90s. This is all made possible by the Internet. It's easier to make it big on the Net, and much quicker, than on TV or the radio. The Net gives an indie publisher much more leverage becuz the playing field is level (similar costs and the same access to people). My friend Jim, an indie novelist, runs No Media Kings, the best example of DIY publishing.

Do you have any plans on integrating your photography work with your cartoonist work sometime in the future?

No, not really. I do a lot of graphic design work and that has been working its way into my comic more and more. Though, I have plans laid out for a photography project that could only be accomplished from the skills I've picked up publishing my own comic.

Click for larger image. Photo by M@BDo you see this project as more of a gallery piece or will you be using your photography to tell a story as well?

It's actually a photo/web site. I don't want to give much away cuz I think it's a cool idea and I'm a little paranoid. The project eventually is meant to raise money for the homeless. Oh, man, I really wish I could talk about it but I promised myself I wouldn't blab about it.

Naturally the strip has strong roots in what happens to you day to day, but are there any specific entertainment elements that continue to inspire? Music obviously, but what of films, television, comedians, etc.?

About five years ago I set out to watch less TV. Other than hockey games, or re-runs of Simpsons and Seinfeld, I take in very little media. When I have down time between issues I usually cram in a lot of reading. A lot of political stuff. I also just went thru a Hunter S Thompson binge. And as of late, I've been reading some Sci Fi work (Everyone in Silico) by my friend Jim Munroe. I just love his work.

Most of my inspiration comes from things I'm active in. I do a lot of freelance graphic design, so I end up dealing with a lot people.

You use m@b as more then just a regular zine, continuously tackling the issue of homelessness for instance, as well as other strong social issues. When did you decide to include these issues into your work and is a comic strip really the best way to go about commenting on them?

I never consciously decide, "I'm putting three strips in this issue about homelessness." Because homlessness is something I run into every day. But too many people just walk by these people and would never even consider engaging them in conversation or treat them with any kind of dignity.

And I sometimes feel that the destitute and poor have a firmer grip on reality than a lot of people I know.

I think that the comic is a great way to comment on such issues. Political cartoons are the source of some outstanding social commentaries in Western literature today. The combo of image and words and satire and irony is very powerful. I try to be subtle about my politics in m@b, but they are there lurking under surface.

Click For Larger Image. Photo by M@BAt what point do you find yourself thrown to action? Actually attending the summit of the Americas is one thing, but when you see issues such as the OPSEU strike, or a rise in TTC fares...

When do you decide that commentary is no longer enough and a physical presence is demanded?

Anytime that you believe in something, your physical presence is demanded. I don't know how effective it is today since most of our politicians ignore the interests of voters. We've been led to believe that the only important politics to pay attention to are federal politics. I wish young people would see that getting involved in local issues is so much more important. The lowest election turnouts are for municipal elections, yet those are the elections that have the greatest, and most direct, effect on our lives. Somehow getting involved in these kinds of issues has inspired me and had a huge effect on my comic.

As of late there's been an increased political awareness in media, and this stretches back to before 9-11, especially in regards to music. Just recently, benefits for Mumia Abu Jamal and for those who served time as a result of the summits...

Have you noticed this particular rise in political activity, and in turn been involved with or inspired by such?


I've been inspired by a lot of political activity, mostly from local issues. It comes from things like Car Free Day, or when city council tries to limit freedom of expression, and so on. I recently got involved in some party politics, if only to give it one last shot before I swear off of it. I'm trying to figure out what's better, to part of the machine and change it from the inside or attack from the outside then help rebuild it. Both, obviously, have their pros and cons.

Music is a natural space for political commentary. Unfortunately, you have to be in clubs or searching it out in record shops, cuz most radio stations, labels and distributors have weeded out those poltico types. I think those benefits (like the for Mumia) are great, but they rarely yield any results from audience members. I'm a bit of a pessimist for those types of events. So much money raised at those gigs goes to the overhead costs.

Could you tell us about your other comic strip, NACHOS FOR SVEN?

There's not much to tell. I started messing around with clip art as a joke and came up with some stupid shit. I just wanted to create a little world for me to just ramble off some of my crazier thoughts. But they make me laugh when I get home at 3 in the morning. They're not meant to be read during the day.

Will you have a set up at the upcoming Canadian National Comic Book Expo or CanZine?

Definitely at Canzine. I gotta look into the Cdn. Expo. I don't know why that never registers on my radar. Canzine will be great because I always get to meet readers and hear their feedback. I'll have just released the 15th m@b issue a few weeks before.

What's ahead for M@B? The character? The person?

I always have plans for the comic. I'm excited already for the next issue cuz I like the new stuff so far. I want to have another issue out by the middle of the summer. After that I'm gonna spend some time just promoting the comic and hopefully get an anthology together for the Fall. All I want to do these days is work on the comic, but I have a day job and I have to make ends meet. If I had all the time in the world to work on m@b... Don't get me started. I've got ideas coming out of my ideas and I don't know where those are coming from.

How do you feel about certain aspects of Indy culture that come off as pretentious? Some seem to suggest that if you're not Indy you're conformist.

The idea that "if you're not Indy you're conformist" is just as pretentious. But, at the same time, if you believe in Indy culture, you should practice it too. It's similar to calling yourself a vegetarian but you still eat fish. It's a hard line to walk between indy/mainstream. I don't think anyone should worry about it too much though. You gotta do what's comfortable to you. I just hate hearing people slag others for not being truly indy. Some people have different interpretations of way indy life is about, and unless they are really doing damage to indy "culture", then let it slide. When you begin to worry about perception, than you're working against yourself... this is all sounding a little too indy-Zen.

That's all right. Zen is good.

All you readers out there can contemplate that while checking out Matt's site.

Thanks for participating in this interview Matt.
Best of Luck.

 


Jonathan Ellis is Interviews Editor for PopImage


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COLUMN: Castle Mirage - The Prelude: Conjurella
By T. Casey Brennan
Copyright T. Casey Brennan


Proposed introduction to Castle Mirage, by my late mother, Alice Brennan, published June 1971 by Belmont Books, carrying the code Belmont B75-2133, and now offered for reprinting by the author's son, and by Singer Media Corporation.

This is the story of little mice. David Ferrie's mice. No, this is the story of Conjurella, and her daughter, Glinda; they were both there when I first met David Ferrie in Ohio, at the Old Covered Bridge; so were Mama and Daddy and Uncle Johnny. Everyone is dead now, except me, and, I think, Glinda, so there is no one to ask. But I think it must have been the summer of 1953. I started school in September of 1953 at Swamp School on Bricker Road in Emmett, Michigan; a one-room school on a gravel road which boasted my late mother as the CEO of its Board; it was sometime around then that the meeting at the Old Covered Bridge took place.

It looked something like a covered wagon, over a small stream through a narrow road cutting through fields and brush that stretched on forever. This was 1953. The only war we might have lost had been over for less than a decade. Oh-ess-ess was a whisper that lingered in the air; a song that was over, yet the melody haunted us. War measures meant many things to those caught in the web of that whisper, oh-ess-ess, so softly spoken, a love song, a lullaby, a death threat. I don't remember, but I think that whisper was in the air when we first met David Ferrie. Uncle Johnny helped arrange it; Uncle Johnny said he was a finder. Daddy and Uncle Johnny park the car right on the bridge, and get out "to take a walk" -- there is something on the car radio, or maybe Daddy and Uncle Johnny tell us, about "two escaped convicts" believed loose in that area. Mama and Conjurella get in the front seat. Glinda and I are in the back seat. Has MK-ULTRA begun yet? They must have given me some of the amnesiac hypnotic drug that Dr. E, the hypnotist whose work formed the basis for Mama's obsession with hypnosis as noted in Castle Mirage, would later fore on me in a more conventional setting. Glinda is my age, she is five. She sees the Perfect soldier, David Ferrie, standing guard. Everyone has told me: "Don't see that soldier," but Glinda says, "He sees that soldier."

David Ferrie uses his O.S.S. code name, Perfect Soldier. I don't remember how I know that. He assumes battle stances, brandishes his rifle, and threatens the children with rape. But it is Conjurella who is raped, by the "escaped convicts" who inevitably appear as David Ferrie looks on. Glinda and I are spared, and, I think, so is Mama. But I was too still in that back seat throughout the attack, too oblivious to what was happening - they had used something akin to Dr. E's "red lollipops", a favourite drug ploy of the MK-ULTRA hypnotist who would some day send the Perfect Soldier on a mission to kill John Kennedy.

I have the Brass Monkey. I think Uncle Johnny gave it to me. I don't know if it had anything to do with the OSS. It's not brass all the way through, and it says "Germany" on the bottom, not "Deutschland" - Germany.

David Ferrie is hard to remember.

I said I went to Swamp School, that was for my first and second grades. In the third grade, I started parochial school, Our Lady of Mt. Carmel Parish School, also in Emmett. That was in September of 1955. I attended Our Lady of Mt. Carmel for my third, fourth, fifth, and sixth grades. Daddy, who had always had intermittent violent fits, accusing my mother of an extra-marital affair (and me, of being the offspring of a local handyman from Texas, Frank Tilton) was on his best behaviour through that period. He had been elected, or appointed, I forget which, to a position on the St. Clair County Board Of Education, to match my mother's, on the Swamp Board. I am trying hard to be a Catholic religious sissy, worrying about mortal sin, telling my priest in confession about my Brigitte Bardot pin-ups, and studying prayer books. But in the summer of 1959, after my sixth-grade year, Daddy got in trouble. Getting out of it involved using his family "in hypnotic experiments".

That was how we met Dr. E. And how we all met David Ferrie again. Keep going north on M-19, and you will reach Yale, Michigan, a tiny town with its own tiny airport. David Ferrie, who is calling himself David Ferris by then, flew into the Yale airport in the pre-dawn hours to meet with my Dad, and follow behind us in a car, as we drove farther north, to Hopeville, to meet the hypnotist, Dr. E. There was no doubt about it; we were in custody.

My Dad is introduced, and he extends his hand to David Ferrie/Ferris and says "I attended to Ferris Institute in Big Rapids..." He stresses the word Ferris; he knows he is in trouble and he is looking for something that will give him an edge conversationally. But there is to be no conversation. A committee of MK-ULTRA agents roughly hustle him back to his car. Back in the car, he tells Mama: "We're cooked. This is the same guy Johnny took us to meet".

My memories of Doctor E are very sketchy, and they are not always easily rendered sequential. I know that at some point, through the use of amnesiacs so we would have no recollection of the more threatening encounters, he gained our trust, although it is important to remember that it was as difficult remembering just what had taken place previously with Dr. E then, as it is now.

I know that at one point, Daddy was in Dr. E's office, and Mama and I were in the waiting room, and Dr. E came out and said, "I want to see how fast you can eat a red lollipop," and handed us two red candies, which caused us both to pass out immediately; I only vaguely remember us being carried limply into his private office, and that, only after over three decades.

We went up north in August of 1959 on a trip, and I started back to school in September, at the old Swamp School again, and it was around then that I met Lee through Dr. E. Lee flew into the Yale airport with David Ferrie; I was always afraid of David Ferrie, but I was never afraid of Lee. He did not know about the threatening circumstances of our initial meetings with Dr. E and David Ferrie. He said that Dr. E was going to give him "almost god-like powers", and that he was doing "something important for the government". He said he was going on a trip, but he would be back to see me every so often. He spoke of great authority that he would have on his return, and his explanations of that coming authority vacillated between the governmental and the mystical.

I saw Lee only a very few times, and one of the memories of that era is an implant, because Dr. E. shoved me up against his screen, as I'll describe later, and said, "You're going to meet Lee Oswald again at swamp School, but this time it won't be real." the meeting that was real is sketchy. I don't remember how he got there, but I remember he was standing at the very edge of the road, telling me he was concerned bout how I was being kicked around, but he was going to do something about it. A lady who drove by and saw us, Kathy Malarkey, was later put into a mental institution, though I don't know if there's a connection.

I only saw Lee the first few days of September of 1959 when I entered the seventh grade. By the time I finished that school year, the U-2 incident had taken place, and Dr. E told us: "Don't worry about that one. We control both sides." On another occasion, someone associated with David Ferrie told me that MK-ULTRA, which was directly overseen by then C.I.A. Director Allen "You're a Good Man, Mr. Dulles" Dulles, was in the process of artificially creating a disease that would make the people who caught it hairless "just like David Ferrie".

I am trying to place all this timewise; I know that in the early days, I took home a comic book from Dr. E's waiting room; it was in issue of Robin Hood, under the brand Quality Comics, and several years old. By this time, Mama and I were so disoriented by Dr. E's sessions, that we had forgotten the early, threatening encounters, and Mama encouraged me to leave a comic book in the office in return, which I did, a copy of Brave & Bold #28, an issue which introduced the Justice League, a team of DC Comics superheroes, I was later to have some marginal connection with DC Comics, and my stories appear in some late 1970s issues of the former DC title, House of Mystery.

I am also thinking that my parents may have taken other children from the neighbourhood to see Dr. E, and I am wondering if there are any witnesses.

We do not see David Ferrie again with Dr. E, but there are disjointed memories of meeting with David Ferrie in my home, and in a neighbour's home, under so much drugging that I was only dimly, barely aware that my surroundings were real. It must have been later in his life, not around the Old Covered Bridge meeting, because in 1953, he still looked like a man, but by the time these meetings took place, he was just a fat, bald old blob. He looked something like my Catholic godfather, Paul, who was also fat and bald, so I assigned him the name "Bad Paul", which he liked, though he always did his best to be as threatening as possible during these meetings, though he never laid a hand on me.

I further remember them harassing me at a campground outside St. Ignace, around the time of the launching of Telstar, the first satellite to relay television signals, which you could then see orbiting like a shooting star. It was in August of 1962, before I started my tenth grade year, no longer at Swamp School, but now attending Peck High School in Peck, Michigan. Campers, including my parents and myself, liked to sit around a campfire, and watch Telstar. We loved Telstar; I even had the 45rpm it inspired. But on this particular occasion, we were discussing the U-2. A man at the campfire said, well, Powers was just a coward; he had a lethal injection to take if he was shot down, he should have taken it. But one by one, everyone, including my parents, leave the fire, and this one man remains, and he says, the C.I.A., that the U-2 was with, he works for them also. I say, hey, great. He looks guilty for a second, collects himself, and tells me the CIA has a use for me.

In October of 1962, we flew to New Orleans with David Ferrie and Air America, as I could help with the Fair Play for Cuba Committee very briefly. To understand the manner in which the Hopeville MK-ULTRA office - The Project, as I learned it was called- could be lethal with its participants one week, and a cooperative confidant and ally with them the next, it will be useful to understand, by way of a comparison, the effects of two drugs known to the general populace today; Rohypnel and Ritalin. Rohypnel produces unconsciousness and amnesia; Ritalin produces a very singular one-pointedness in users allowing them to concentrate on exactly what they are doing, and nothing else. It is possible for a person under the MK-ULTRA counter-parts of these drugs, combined with hypnosis and post-hypnotic suggestion, to, for instance, blithely pass out Fair Play For Cuba Committee literature in New Orleans, without ever even questioning how he got there, or believing that it should be questioned. Also, there are processes of MK-ULTRA induced amnesia, which make it virtually fool-proof. In the induced trance state, the victim is subjected to threats on his family members and himself. He is forced to witness real or contrived torture-killings of other human beings while in this state. Then, he is withdrawn from the scene of this abuse, given hypnotic commands in conjunction with drugs, told that the abusive treatment was all imaginary, and that he must not remember it; if he will not remember it, it will not be real.

I remember the Fair Play For Cuba Office in New Orleans, and I remember the Christian Anti-Communism Crusade office on the other side of the building. I remember asking someone, I don't remember who, but it wasn't Lee, "Are we for or against Communists?" And he said, "Both." and I laughed.

Anyway, Lee says the big Fair Play For Cuba campaign was in August, and I missed it, but we pass out a few pamphlets, and on the way back, we go into a store, it's just the two of us, on foot, and he buys me a candy bar, and he tells me to give them a pamphlet, tell them you're Lee Oswald, he says, and I do. And he laughs. Not far down the street, he stops by a tree. He wants to talk.

He says, "I'm doing dangerous work. If anything happens to me, I want you to take care of the family."
"Sure," I say.

But I really don't want any part of this. After we fly back, that night, Daddy pretends to have a fit. I say pretends, because now that I am an adult, and not under the influences of the substances forced upon me during the incidents, I see very well how his threatening, seemingly erratic behaviour, contributed to the process of drug-and-hypnosis induced amnesia. My first example of it was, in the early days of visiting Dr. E, Daddy and I took separate pills, voluntarily this time, on the premise that they would help to "induce hypnosis", which, at that time, we thought we were studying. Driving back, Mama is crying, and I am lethargic and disoriented. I mention the pill I took, and Daddy flips out: "I took that pill, not you!" He stops the car and becomes more threatening. I say to Mama: "Daddy has gone crazy." Mama says: "This is a lot worse than Daddy going crazy."

The incident following the flight from New Orleans was a parallel; he began yelling "I want you to forget that trip! You're going to forget that trip!" And I did, again, for more than three decades.

I also forgot this:
At some point, Dr E asked if I would like to play the shooting gallery game that he had. I said that I would. He put me in front of a kind of television screen with a head brace on the seat in front of it. He says, "We don't have the gun that goes with it hooked up yet. But when you see the cowboy shoot the penny, you'll have good luck."

I look at the screen coming on, and he hits me with something, I think an injection in my neck, it hurts, and I slump. But the pictures form on the screen, and I can hear the words through head-sets.

First there is a picture of a penny.
"SEE THE CENT WITH LINCOLN'S HEAD."
Then there is a picture of John Kennedy.
"THEN THINK OF THE SQUIRREL WITH JOHN F. KENNEDY'S HEAD."
(Girl's chuckle.)
Girl's voice: "IT'S NOT REALLY LINCOLN. IT'S JUST A CENT WITH LINCOLN'S HEAD."
Then there are moving pictures of a cowboy tossing a penny into the air.
"Pop!" he shots it with a revolver, but instantly, the picture is of John Kennedy.
The voice says: "THINK OF THE CENT WITH LINCOLN'S HEAD, THEN SHOOT THE SQUIRREL WITH JOHN F. KENNEDY'S HEAD."
At another point, Dr. E shows me a whole film. It is sometime after I have seen something on real television, I think Disney, about the MacGregor family of Scotland, which I liked, about all the oppression they endured, and how, in the end, everybody stood up for them, and they are back on top. Dr. E. tells me he has something similar about the Fitzgerald family. I watch it, and I only remember the ending. It's set in the late middle ages or something, the Fitzgerald family is put through all sorts of problems, but in the end, there's a big crowd scene, and the speaker, a Fitzgerald himself, has just won some major victory, and he has everyone in the crowd with Fitzgerald blood yell "hooray for the Fitzgerald’s!" The voices start up, and in seconds, you see that they are all over the place in the crowd. And that's the end.

Dr. E says to Daddy: "Well, I scared him with it. He'll be scared as hell of that story some day."

On the morning of November 22, 1963, I am awakened by Daddy unexpectedly in the pre-dawn hours. He says we are going to see Dr. E, then we are going on a trip. I think he means vacation, so I say fine.

We reach the tiny Yale airport, deserted in the pre-dawn hours, in no time. Daddy and I proceed to David Ferries plane, where Dr. E is waiting. Dr. E produces a hypodermic needle. His face is grim and he is wearing a parka in the pre-dawn cold.

Now I am scared, and try to get away. I yell "I don't want a shot!" and try to run. I know now that I’m about to be kidnapped. I am fifteen years old now, but a pale, sickly fifteen, and I am in no shape to fight these men for my freedom. I struggle, but Dr. E injects me anyway, and I fall. The last thing I see before falling is the parka-clad face of Dr. E.

When I awaken, in the storage room of the sixth floor of the Texas Book depository building in Dallas, it is broad daylight. They have obviously brought me in crated up, or rolled up, in something. Anyway, I get dumped out, and David Ferrie kicks me in the ribs, and turns to my Dad.

"There's the assassin," David Ferrie says.

Daddy and David Ferrie make me stand against some cartons of books, and not look around. I am groggy. Sometimes when I would go up north to the Upper Peninsula with Mama and Daddy, they liked to explore abandoned buildings, places where I didn't always feel they had a right to be. I can't remember the injection now, and I am trying to place just what is going on, whether it is one of these unauthorized romps Daddy liked to take through old buildings.
"Are we supposed to be here?" I asked, groggily.
David Ferrie laughs.

"Don't worry about that," he says, "If anybody bothers you for being here, you send them right to me!"

Daddy and David Ferrie are laughing now, and I'm beginning to think everything is all right. At some point, someone has told me that I am in Dallas, where Lee is now, and I ask to see him before we leave.

"Did you want to talk to him about comic books or something?" David Ferrie asks.

I say yes, that I wanted to tell him about the new Justice League comic just out, and that Lee liked the Justice League, talked about how great it was that DC comics had brought back their old comic book series, the Justice society, from the 1940s.

"Well, he's downstairs pushing a broom. He's down on the second floor pushing a broom."

At some point, the lights went out. I don't know if I was injected or dosed somehow again, or whether post-hypnotic suggestion alone did the trick. Anyway, a hood was placed over my head, and then part of it pulled away and the gun sight pressed against my left eye.

Daddy gives the hypnotic command: "WHEN I YELL NOW, PULL THE TRIGGER."

Remembering this over three decades later, I can hear David Ferrie saying "I don't want him to see the gun!!" as he pulls the hood over my face.
David Ferrie says to Daddy: "Can he keep that right eye closed? If he can't, I'll kill him."
Now that funny screen of Dr. E's, at first it said "SHOOT THE SQUIRREL WITH JOHN F. KENNEDY'S HEAD". But just at the last, when they made me watch it, it said "SHOOT THE SQUIRREL WITH JOHN F. KENNEDY'S HEAD. THEN SHOOT THE COWBOY BESIDE HIM. YOU DON'T LIKE COWBOYS ANYMORE. YOU DON'T LIKE THIS COWBOY (Picture of Governor Connaly in a Cowboy hat). SHOOT THE SQUIRREL WITH JOHN F. KENNEDY'S HEAD. THEN SHOOT THE COWBOY BESIDE HIM."
Then they lift me up, in front of the open window.
I hear the voices: "Can he get up by himself?" "Lift him up!" "Don't let him open that eye!"

Slowly, I am lifted up, groggy and disoriented. I hear Daddy's crying voice say: "Please don't open that right eye, please don't open that eye, oh god, please don't open that eye."

David Ferrie says "Can you see John Kennedy on the little screen?" My heart leaps as I see John Kennedy in the convertible six floors below, but only through the "little screen", i.e. the gun sight; I secretly like John Kennedy, though Daddy hates him, and I am glad to see him on "the little screen". But it all happens so quickly, seeing John Kennedy and then Daddy yells:

"NOW!"

My finger automatically contracts on what I now know was the trigger. I have never seen the Zapruder film, except in little glimpses. In my recollection of the incident, this is what took place: My shot hits the President in the chest. To my amazement, he writhes sideways as the bullet hits. David Ferrie takes the rifle instantly, and fires two more shots as I collapse.

As he does, Daddy shouts: "Don't shoot Jacky, Ferrie! Don't shoot Jackie, or I'll kill ya right now!"

David Ferrie says: "Shut up, Bill!" - then, as three more shots ring out from elsewhere on the street - "Back-up! Good men! They could have left me hanging, but they didn't!"

I look out the window now, but David Ferrie gives the hypnotic command: "Don't look at the man we just shot!"
Either Daddy or David Ferrie says: "It's the end of the world. There's nothing but chaos out there now. Nothing."

I am groggy and disoriented, and am trying to take these words in a Catholic religious sense. I am looking around for signs of a Biblical Judgement Day, even though I cannot look toward the convertible at all, even if I wanted to, that was how great their power over me.

The next thing I remember is a man with glasses and a business suit, thirty something, short hair and professional-looking, entering. By now, we are all away from the window.

I call him Ultra Subaltern.

Ultra Subaltern says, matter-of-factly: "Everything go all right?"

David Ferrie says, "Well, Bill lost his head for a minute, but he's all right now." Daddy had no right to fly in David Ferrie's face like that over Jackie, they're thinking. Daddy nods nervously.

"You'll pay for that though, Bill," David Ferrie says.

Ultra Subaltern goes to the window.

Daddy says "You're going to the window?!" Ultra Subaltern says: "I was told to assess the situation. One of the ways to assess is by looking. Everyone is looking out windows now."

Ultra Subaltern leaves.

The next thing I remember is David Ferrie yelling "There's the signal!" Immediately, we were hustled into the hallway, with him carrying a suitcase. We walk rapidly down to the second floor. I do not yet know that the President has been shot, in spite of the fact that I've just witnessed it, and participated in it. My head is coming together a little now, and I say groggily that I'd like to see Lee now that we're in Dallas."

"You'll see him," says David Ferrie, then: "Casey, you never believe me on these things, but they don't even remember you. We slipped them something. You'll see."

We see Lee in the halls of the second floor, sweeping. I say, "Hi, Lee!" but he doesn't even look toward me. Immediately, David Ferrie starts yelling at him: "I've got some friends here and I'm telling you we're through with you, you dumb sonofabitch, you goddamned fairy, yeah you goddamned fairy..."

I don't remember it all, but in the end, David Ferrie pushes Lee in the chest hard. I am embarrassed by this hostility toward a man I intended to meet as a friend. Lee is stoical, tight-lipped, and condescending, like he's just barely putting up with this abuse.

During this, people run by, and a woman yells, "Something's going on out there!"

Lee starts to walk away, and David Ferrie says, "Where are you going?"

Lee says: "I'm going downstairs for a Coke." The altercation with David Ferrie has prevented Lee from learning that the President has been shot.

As Lee walks away, I step forward apologetically, and say. "Er...uh...Lee, the new Justice League comic came out..."
He looks at me blankly, and keeps walking. I feel my face redden. What could I have done wrong?

I don't remember the trip back, but the next thing I know, I was in a chair in front of a desk with Dr. E in it. Dr. E says, "we're taking you to school. Walk as fast as you can, and the faster you walk, the faster you'll forget this. you'll be late, so walk up to a girl, and tell her you went squirrel hunting, this morning, and as soon as you do, you'll forget all this, and the whole trip never happened."
Next I was hurrying down the halls of Peck High School.

But this was the story of little mice, David Ferrie's mice, that he used in his experiments while he made the disease that would make everyone who got it bald like him. No, this was the story of Conjurella, who divorced Uncle Johnny, and though she wrote for a while, I never saw Glinda again. No, this was the story of Castle Mirage, and my mother's obsession with hypnosis as demonstrated in this book, and how that obsession might have come about, in an alternate world, in a parallel time. Not what truly happened, for that, no one knows, nor will, ever. Not truth, but Gothic Fiction; Alice: Life, what is it but a dream?

 


T. Casey Brennan is an established writer and has extensive knowledge about the death of U.S. President John F. Kennedy


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For more on T. Casey Brennan, please visit:
http://pweb.netcom.com/~mthorn/0brennan.htm
http://geocities.com/avalard/brennan/contents.html
http://angelfire.com/me/carcano
http://karws.gso.uri.edu/JFK/Conspiracy_theories/Brennan--Conjurella/Brennan.html
http://heart7.net/mcf/victm-hm.htm#Brennan
http://onyx.gothicunderworld.com/darkendsoul/Conjurella.html
http://anomalog.com/conjurella.html
http://www.wynd.org/tcb.html
http://konformist.com/mkkafe/tcasey/tcasey.htm
http://geocities.com/satanicreds/ltr-clinton.html
http://www.davestevens.com/html/ds_harri2.html

JLA/TITANS: THE TECHNIS IMPERATIVE TPB
Big Crisis on little Earth

Scripter: Devin Grayson
Pencils: Phil Jimenez, Mark Buckingham and Paul Pelletier
Inks: Andy Lanning, Wade von Grawbadger and Dexter Vines
Letters: Comicraft
Colours: Jason Wright and Tom McCraw
DC Comics
$12.95 US

Reviewed by Brent A. Keane

I was too young for CRISIS ON INFINITE EARTHS - that is to say, I didn’t get to read most of it until I got the chance while working part-time in a comic book shop some years ago. I could see why CRISIS had the reputation it did: the scale that the story took place on, the (literal) cast of thousands, and George Perez in his element, rending all those characters in all that detail. It’s a modern classic, to be sure.

Phil Jimenez admitted in an interview with Sequential Tart that CRISIS was a childhood favourite, and informed his thinking on JLA/TITANS. Again, there is the sense of scale (think of a widescreen blockbuster Hollywood movie in the mold of ARMAGEDDON), along with the cast of dozens, and Jimenez positively revels in fleshing it all out. You sense that the creators enjoyed putting it all together, and it shows on the page.

The slightly familiar plot hinges on Titans past and present being captured by an alien force – one with ties to the Titans of yesteryear – and the JLA stepping in to handle the situation. When differences arise as how to tackle the nature of the threat, it quickly escalates into a genuine battle across the generation gap – and with the world in peril, neither the Titans nor the League can ill afford to lose.

Devin Grayson’s love and reverence for the various DCU personalities shines through in both plot and script – each of the main cast members has their singular voice and their spotlight moment, while the story touches upon many points without stretching itself too thin. There are spandex slugfests, heart-to-heart conversations, last minute rescues, asides and one-liners.

Don’t misunderstand me – while it is a superhero tale (with all the baggage that implies), there is a bona-fide emotional core here, elevating THE TECHNIS IMPERATIVE above the usual level of your standard people-in-tights punch-out. That said, throwing people headlong into the plot may jar the casual reader – and if you’re not up with DCU continuity then and now, many of the plot nuances will be lost.

When all is said and done, though, this is a book to savor. An engrossing read with strong dialogue, gorgeous art and vibrant colors, THE TECHNIS IMPERATIVE is a delight. It carries the spirit of CRISIS without needing to replicate it wholesale – and in a day and age where a lot of superhero comics feel tired and over-familiar, that’s something of an
achievement.

 


Brent A. Keane recently had a crisis of his own: boxers or briefs?


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Sequential Tart's Phil Jiminez Interview

Tops of the Pops
Gregory Dickens rambles AND YOU ARE THERE!

The trick to this kind of exercise is to not assume the books left unchosen are completely forgotten. Holding on to just ten stories doesn't mean you wipe your mind clean of the rest. I have almost 30 years worth of comics in my head -- and he's single, ladies! -- relocation and a small suticase can't make that vanish. These comics aren't just great reads in their own right, they often excellently represent whole genres.

THE MINX
Writer: Peter Milligan
Artist: Sean Phillips
Vertigo/DC
1998-99

Anna Schwarz is a young virgin with a horny boyfriend in the big city. She’s receiving thoughts from the NASA space monkey who may be the new messiah and wrestling with questions about life and fate. Meanwhile, the city is threatened by another possible messiah/hermaphrodite serial biologist named Sexdeath who transforms people into amorphous blobs to rid the world of sex. Anna mourns the death of her just-dead grandmother but is informed by her mother (at the wake) that Anna was the product of a Lond.

Her father isn’t, and neither is her grandmother. The mom does this because she’s desperate for drama and poses as a space-monkey receptor. Anna, reeling from her mom’s theatrics, strolls by a monkey evangelism show and lashes out with her psychokinetic Minx personality. The monkey is returning to earth in 3 weeks, at which time Sexdeath plans on eating its brains.

This is the first 24 pages of the eight-issue series. Some Vertigo books seem to throw as many disparate elements together to be the most outrageous thing you’ve ever seen, like a street-performing drag queen looking for attention by juggling lepers and hula-hooping it up. Freakshow infamy becomes an acceptable goal. Others, however, actually weave the components together into a good story. So it is with MINX. Peter Milligan could have easily made this list with FACE or ENIGMA (and not just because I worship Duncan Fegredo's art), but this book is the most airtight, the most immediately credible. Some credit must also be given to Sean Phillips, who makes these brilliant little panels that strike the precise note.

(This probably is available in single-issue format only. Dammit.)


THE INVISIBLES: ENTROPY IN THE U.K.
Writer: Grant Morrison
Artists: Phil Jiminez, John Stokes, Tommy Lee Edwards, Paul Johnson, Steve
Yeowell, Dick Giordano, Mark Buckingham, Mark Pennington
Vertigo/DC
2001

You're shocked. I can tell. I've sounded my obsessive yawp already at PopImage, so let me tell you why this particular collection makes the grade. We get to see King Mob's history (both imagined and factual; and they of course are both real). Boy's origin is told. Dane goes back home and learns the old proverb is super-true when you've been informed that the universe is a veneer and you're the punk Buddha. Jim Crow and Fanny trade magic attacks on psychic-armored agents of evil and the royals are involved in Cthulhu porn. Wanna know what's really bizarre? Grant's now writing X-MEN. <*grabs head, reels from the unfathomable*>

(Available in fine comic shops everywhere.)


SUPERMAN: WHATEVER HAPPENED TO THE MAN OF TOMMOROW
Writer:Alan Moore
Artists: Curt Swan, George Perez, Kurt Schaffenberger
DC
1997

For a book in which so many horrible things happen to beloved characters, this sure does make me smile. When DC cleaned house with CRISIS ON INFINITE EARTHS, Moore was tapped to write the "final" story for the Superman cast before the title was rebooted. What you get is a minor Ragnorak. Moore takes quaint villains and makes them shockingly violent (but with a digestible explanation). Heroes die. Loved ones are mourned. Decades-old fundamentals end. And the book closes with a thoroughly
appropriate thank-you to the Julius Schwartz-edited comics. I hold that Curt Swan drew THE Superman, and I'm happy as a clam that he worked this book. I think that's really why I grin like a loon while talking about it.

(Available in fine comic shops everywhere.)


BATMAN: THE KILLING JOKE
Writer: Alan Moore
Artist: Brian Bolland
DC
1998

Did someone say "grin like a loon" and "Alan Moore?" This would be the best stand-alone Batstory if not for DC incorporating Batgirl's paralysis into continuity. Joker kidnaps Commissioner Gordon to prove he's not responsible
for his lunacy. Moore also details The Joker's origin as a poor comic with a shattered life. The issue's bookended by an enlargement of concentric ripples in puddles, underscoring a theme of catastrophic epicenters and response. Legend has it Bolland's art took two years and every second shows.

In fact, with all due respect to John Higgins' wonderful secondary color palette, I'd pay quite a bit to see this printed in black-and-white. The script is tight, the art is solid, the combined mood impenetrable. Plus, you might notice the complete lack of a "mature reader" label despite exclamations such as "Jesus" and "God Damn" and an exposed nipple. I mean, I read the book when I was 16 and look at me now, writing for PopImage and --
hey, wait a minute...

(Available in fine comic shops everywhere.)


WHY I HATE SATURN
By Kyle Baker
Piranha/DC
1990

Banter is a lost art. Oh, it's not dead, mind you. Kevin Smith, Brian Michael Bendis, and J.M. DeMatteis are adepts. And a lot of people miss the bullseye. Baker, I hold, painted the target. He's got the elements down pat: timing, vocabulary, wit. But he uses banter to develop character, not just pace punchlines or fill space. WHY I HATE SATURN is almost entirely banter; giant close-cropped panels of emphatic conversational stances.

That brings us to Baker's thin-lined monochromatic art. It's gorgeous. It's economic -- deceptively complex -- but he knows how to develop a rhythm of panel structure. Take out the words and the scenes are still funny. So what's the book about? Who cares? It's an honest-to-God funny funny-book. You don't need to know any pop references or movie quotes or profanity to
get the jokes. And that's as endangered a humor beast in comics as banter.

(Available in fine comic shops everywhere.)


DORK No. 6
By Evan Dorkin
Slave Labor Graphics
1998

This anthology title contains chapters of the Murder Family, the Eltingville Comic Book-Science Fiction Fantasy-Horror and Role-Playing Club, Devil Puppet, Myron the Living Doll, Milk & Cheese and Fisher-Price Theatre (a few issues also include a club-scene review by Baker and Dorkin.) Scattered throughout are strips, one-page jokes, doodles and rants. As much as I
appreciate the seventh issue, inwhich Dorkin recounts personal dilemmas, it's just too intimate a comic to revel in. So I gotta go with issue six, a comic heavy on the Eltingville Club. This is the one with "Bring Me The Head of Boba Fett," an adaptation of which appeared on Cartoon Network. The gang is divided by a blood-and-guts trivia contest to determine who will get to
buy a Star Wars doll. In the Baker commentary above, I shrugged off pop culture as punchlines. This story however is hilarious BECAUSE of the sheer volume of such trivia. You can also find the story in the third issue of INSTANT PIANO, an anthology title to which Baker and Dorkin contributed.

(Available in fine comic shops everywhere.)

X-MEN: THE ASGARDIAN SAGA
Writer: Chris Claremont
Artists: Paul Smith, Bob Wiacek & Friends, Arthur Adams, Terry Austin, Al Gordon and Mike Mignola
Marvel
1985

I started seriously tracking down comics when I was 11 because a friend handed me some X-MEN issues. I dug the soap opera, the monologues, the stilted dialogue -- everything which immediately identifies Claremont's style. This was what I later used to judge comics, and the ghost of that teenage enthusiasm still rattles about in my head. So for sentimental reasons, I'm lugging along this story. It contains the New Mutants, Alpha
Flight and a rather bizarre detour into Marvel's Norse mythology across five issues. While there is the sacrifice theme that drove the title, no one dies, and it has the rare mutant-comic happy ending. Plus, hey, Art Adams and Paul Smith art.

(The trade collection is available in fine comic shops everywhere.)


ASTRO CITY No.1/2
"The Nearness of You"
Writer: Kurt Busiek
Pencils: Brent Anderson
Inks: Will Blyberg
Homage/Wizard
1996

X-MEN roped me in because of the relationships of the characters and I gravitated toward that in other titles. This issue is only about that, as a Astro Citizen is haunted by the memory of a woman he never met. We encounter the heroes and villains, but it's this average Joe we focus on. I'm a sap for comic romance (this story edged out Wonder Girl's wedding to make the list) and this is pure comic romance, and neither of the couple are a hero. Knowing the ending does nothing to dilute its wallop. My enjoyment of this book is matched only by my bewilderment as to why Busiek can't shoehorn AC into his writing schedule anymore.

(The story can be found in an ASTRO CITY collection. Damned if I know which one.)


THE ESSENTIAL AVENGERS VOL. 1
Writers: Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Larry Lieber, Paul Laiken
Pencils: Jack Kirby, Don Heck, Dick Ayers
Inks: Dick Ayers, Paul Reinman, George Roussos, Chic Stone, Mike Esposito,
Wally Wood, John Romita Sr.
Homage/Wizard
1996

Let's just flip through this book. Issue seven, page six: Captain America has a bad case of Bucky Angst. But the last page of issue fifteen, Cap says destiny will only kill villains. Page eleven of issue sixteen has Hawkeye officially joining the group. Issue eight, page seven: Kane details his origins, involving Rama-Tut and Dr. Doom. There's the cover to issue four, heralding the Cap's induction. Issue three, page twelve, Hulk throws a
caboose at Thor and Iron Man. Issue fourteen, page five, a disconsolate Giant Man literally pounds the floor, mourning Wasp. Issue nineteen, page four, Scarlet Witch and Quicksilver fight The Swordsman. Look, either, you'll dig this stuff or you won't. It's like trying to convince someone a thing is funny or sexy. It's Lee. It's Kirby. It's the first Marvel supergroup not created by cosmic rays. It's on the list.


(The trade collection is available in fine comic shops everywhere.)


THE CLAN DESTINE 1-7
Writer/Pencils: Alan Davis
Inks: Mark Farmer
Marvel
1994-1995

I completely missed Davis' run on BATMAN AND THE OUTSIDERS and I still haven't tracked down those issues. I was exposed to his work with a mutant annual, and even then I wasn't knocked out by the art. Compared to the guys I admired most at the time -- George Perez, John Byrne, Jim Aparo
-- Davis' work was too liquid, and I didn't like the way the spotted blacks defined volume. But I've not only grown to like his work, I'm now convinced that he's the most complete visual storyteller in mainstream comics. Lines, pacing, volume, space -- it seems thoroughly effortless. THE CLAN DESTINE is his baby and it lets him show off to those who thinks he just draw the most hip-tastic women in comics. Mixing Heinlein's Howard
Foundation with the best Marvel elements, THE CLAN DESTINE follows a family attempting to protect the two youngest siblings from a crusading career. It's a straight-up hero title, but Davis' easy flow of exposition, vocabulary and humor distinguish the comic from a lot of the by-the-numbers mainstream titles. The tone reads as Davis simply enjoying himself, and THE CLAN DESTINE is as infectious as it is imaginative.

(If this isn't available in trade, there simply is no God.)

 


Tops of The Tops is a regular feature here at PopImage. Gregory Dickens column, Gregorian Rants, appears here as often as possible.


PopImage Forum - Discuss this message at the PopImage forum.


"AND YOU CAN QUOTE ME ON THAT!"
Written By Jonathan Ellis

"AND YOU CAN QUOTE ME ON THAT!"

Welcome to our newest column, AND YOU CAN QUOTE ME ON THAT. The name pretty much says it all.

AND YOU CAN QUOTE ME ON THAT is a new feature wherein PopImage staffers and select guest writers will describe in a sentence or two why they love, or hate, a certain title with entertaining metaphors and cheap buzz words in an attempt to get our name plastered on as many books as possible.

Now rambling is not uncommon when talking comics, so you will find real comments alongside our oh-so cleverly disguised sound bytes. Since we all don't normally talk in catch phrases, and because our occasional [IE. Frequent] swearing doesn't make an ideal quote, here you will find two kinds of text - there will be the tirades and opinions appearing normally and the more insouciant writings in tween the quotation marks.

On with the show:

1) 100%
The new Vertigo mini from creator Paul Pope, looks good but it's also a bit pricey isn't it? This new series runs for about the same price as Paul's previous Vertigo title HEAVY LIQUID, but HEAVY LIQUID had a unique colouring process so I suppose I can understand the pricing in that case but 100% is black and white. So why the high price tag? Each issue runs a cover price of just under 6 bucks for the Yanks, and just under 10 bucks for Canadians. Let's look at some other books at that price. This August LUCIFER: NIRVANA will hit stores with an equal cover price to 100%. Also a book from Vertigo, same price, but why does a 48 page black and white comic run the same price as a 48 page prestige format fully painted colour one shot?

Now, I hear that the price was originally lower but was changed without Paul Pope's knowledge. Still doesn't explain things for me though.

Increase the price - we'll make more money?
Increase the price - sell less copies?

"Paul Pope is one of those rare and distinguished talents; he can take the simplest thing, twist it around, add some grit and make it look good.

The ladies love him too.

And some of the boys."

MORE

2) EPOXY:
"The breakthrough hit you completely missed. John Pham came at us with a variety of stories and styles that made me an instant fan. Of him and his work. More people need to pick this up just so they can have the chance to discover what those reading EPOXY already know. This is a great book."

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3) OUTLAW NATION:
It's a shame really, such potential. I think Delano even said right out that things will start to change and get better around issue 12. It was important for him to establish the story rather then just thrust it in peoples faces. And he had to do that or it just would've been too confusing. I don't know, maybe I would have dropped it if I was buying it month for month [Some things are just better as trades - AMERICAN CENTURY for instance certainly reads far better as a whole then in parts], but I'm not an every Wednesday type of guy. My stuff builds up so I was able to just sit and read ish after ish and it was good, in fact you can notice the book increase tenfold from one issue to the next. I credit the colouring majorly. The atmosphere changes, the story takes a turn, and the colouring just gets so much better. And by issue 12, all the shit of the past year was wrapped together and allowed to progress forward with Delano's warped signature vision.

I'd say it was Story on acid that really put things into perspective. But just because Vertigo is dropping it doesn't mean it can't still go on, does it? How's about taking it over to someplace like [a year ago - didn't think I'd ever be saying this] Avatar? Aside from it's less appealing work, they actually have some of the most top notch talent in the biz coming together to do stories they want to do. So that's my tirade, now the 'quote' portion. If my opinion were to go on the cover, here's what it'd say:

"I liked OUTLAW NATION. Sorry to see it go."

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4) SWAMP THING:
So nice to see these trades being reprinted. Old stories or not I missed most of them the first time around and am glad to have them now. Some of the art is seeming a bit ehn, you can definitely tell a difference in the colouring thanks to the paper quality alone. There are certain points where I'm left wondering why people made such a big deal about Bissette's work and then there comes along something so fantastic I know exactly why.

Alan Moore is the true 80's nostalgia for me, not some cartoons. Nuclear scare, pollution, Reganomics, drugs... that's what I remember.

"Alan Moore was a major force in shaping the way comics would change in the wake of his path and SWAMP THING is just further proof of this. Reading like a grand and climatic novel, it's the type of story you find yourself returning to time and time again."

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5) THIEVES & KINGS:
This is another one of those books I prefer to pick up in trade format, but Mark is still going strong. I'm glad to see that and suggest everything give T&K a shot.

"You officially have my permission to BUY THIS BOOK!"

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6) PARADIGM
"PARADIGM is a noir enigma of rainy days and clever kittens. Intelligent, sharp and beautifully rendered. The exceptional team of Matt Cashel and Jeremy Haun have created the blood and ink stained chaos sitcom in graphic form. Bravo boys. Cheers."

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7) AUTOMATIC KAFKA
"Bullets, drugs and greasy metal kisses.

Automatic Kafka smells like sex in a steel factory and is almost as pretty."

Joe and Ashley get extra points with me, simply for the fact they're trying something NEW. Whether this is just the product of a drug addled craze or a cleverly layered comics revolution, I don't care, 'cause along the way - at least it'll be an entertaining ride. AK will not be restricted to a singular plain but rather will be a sexy disjointed journey through the mind of a man who once claimed the title of super hero.

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8) ALIAS:
What really pissed me off is that people were badmouthing this book because they couldn't get past Bendis using the word fuck. Well fuck fuck fuckity fuck fuck bitches. People spent so much time analyzing it for shock value they weren't paying attention to the story. By the time I read it there were no surprises. It seems to me that there are readers who are so hung up over one page they've forgotten the other 20 some odd pages. You want to know what I didn't like about that first issue, do you? The cops. That's right the cops. The dialogue seemed a bit lacking during that scene and the cops, or at least one of them was made out to seem like a jackass. I didn't like that. Other then that it seems like too much fit into one issue, the debut might have been better formatted around a 48 pager or no ads version. Dismissing ALIAS for one cock up the ass would be like dismissing PREACHER for Arseface. Get over it.

I'm liking the art, Michael does really well with the subtle crime noir additions. But every page seems to be worked from Bendis thumbnails - it looks far too much like an early Bendis book then something new. Matt Hollingsworth on colours is of course great, but the paper quality obviously doesn't allow you to see the breadth of his work.

ALIAS got off to a good start but began to lag as it went along, so much so that I dropped it. But for those interested, there is a hardcover collecting the first 9 issues coming out, whether to continue past that, your decision. At it's core though, ALIAS is really about a woman constantly hounded by her past life but wants nothing to do with it, and through it all, she still has to make a living.

Everyone knows a woman like Jessica Jones, trying to fight through a life of shit that she can't escape, and she just happens to have super powers.

"While some heroes toil in the air and run across rooftops, Jessica Jones is there, on the street. Alongside the kids, parents, cops, pimps, and a dozen other people who want nothing more but to go to the grocery store for milk without getting hassled, occasionally looking up at the sky from the gutters below."

"Venetian blinds, whiskey in the desk drawer, sweaty sex on dirty sheets, everything that makes a crime noir detective whole. Jessica has all these things and she can kick your ass too."

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9) POP GUN WAR:
First off, two points just for having such a cool title.

"POP GUN WAR is a youthful fantasy set in urban New York. Conformity in the streets, angels in back alleys and new mysteries at every intersection. It's a wonderful twisted tale of wonder and distress."

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10) THE FILTH:
I remember when I was in my shop one week and a customer was curious about this book. He wondered what it was about, and thus I tried to explain it to him. I'm paraphrasing here, but it went something like this:

"You read INVISIBLES right?"

"Yeah."

"Well consider this the opposite end of the spectrum to INVISIBLES. Instead of beautiful and sexy pop stars fighting a revolution, you got ugly old everyday people living secret conspiracy lives in British super spy style and jerking off over she-male porn."

"Oh...... Kay......"

I'm not sure if I actually encouraged him to pick it up or scared him off, either way, good fucking job lads. From the writing to the art to the finished colours, all solid. And if you've made your way to issue two then you pretty much guessed, things have only just begun.

"You mad bastards may be even more fucked in the head then I am. Good work, give me more."

INVISIBLES was the fight against the game while THE FILTH is there to maintain the status quo. This series also has some absolutely lovely covers, pay attention up & comers, the cover is the first thing people see on the racks. Let's have more pretty and less gaudy. Kay?

MORE

Don't see your book mentioned?
Give us a shout

 


Jonathan Ellis is Interviews Editor for PopImage


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"AND YOU CAN QUOTE ME ON THAT!"
Written By Jonathan Ellis

"AND YOU CAN QUOTE ME ON THAT!"

Welcome to our newest column, AND YOU CAN QUOTE ME ON THAT. The name pretty much says it all.

AND YOU CAN QUOTE ME ON THAT is a new feature wherein PopImage staffers and select guest writers will describe in a sentence or two why they love, or hate, a certain title with entertaining metaphors and cheap buzz words in an attempt to get our name plastered on as many books as possible.

Now rambling is not uncommon when talking comics, so you will find real comments alongside our oh-so cleverly disguised sound bytes. Since we all don't normally talk in catch phrases, and because our occasional [IE. Frequent] swearing doesn't make an ideal quote, here you will find two kinds of text - there will be the tirades and opinions appearing normally and the more insouciant writings in tween the quotation marks.

On with the show:

1) LONE WOLF AND CUB:
"Beautiful poetry with a sword. Honor, nobility, sacrifice, heroism - these are all greats that stand strong in my heart. Whether you agree or disagree with the way of the warrior, you've got to love the story. In LONE WOLF AND CUB Kazuo Koike and Goseki Kojima have created a legend."

"This may be the only trade that I've ever bought as they come out, one after the other. It's also one of the books I consistently recommend to others. This book is addictive, one just isn't enough."

MORE

2) LUCIFER:
"So he's Satan. So he's the dark lord. I mean, we all make mistakes right? But then, was it really a mistake? That's just one of the conundrums that's sure to come up in this series. Mike Carey does an amazing job with a wide array of artists of bringing to life the tale of Lucifer as only Vertigo could tell it."

"Lucifer is like... Lucifer's like that guy who one night sleeps with a woman from the pub but then finds out a few hours later that, as a gargantuan ape of a man is strangling him, she's married. He's the rebel. The underdog. He's just a deity that wants to sing. Is that so wrong?"

MORE

3) LOST AT SEA:
I'm buying it. Don't know when it comes out. Don't know how much it'll be. Don't care. Buying it.

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4) X-FORCE:
"Pop Star Superheroes as done by an inebriated writer and Rock star artists - an intoxicating and dangerous mix. I'm half expecting the pages to spontaneously combust into flames in my very hands.

X-FORCE is a living soundtrack of motion and art. Mutant pop at its best."

MORE

5) AMERICAN CENTURY:
"It's beautiful. Mr. Clever's got a gun. Mrs. Clever is fucking the mailman and Beaver was an abortion."

MORE

6) KABUKI:
O-Kay. Recently lent out the METAMORPHOSIS trade to a friend and it just hopped from one friend to the next because anyone who caught just the slightest glint of this book instantly fell in love with the art. But that's just one of its high points, aside from the incredibly beautiful art, the story was amazing and well crafted, and with a book like METAMORPHOSIS, you don't even need to have read any of the previous volumes.

"Best way to sum it up - Kabuki is beautiful, it's as simple as that."

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7) ULTIMATES
Ever read a comic that could convey sound?

Bare with me. See, comics are their own language, with power beyond the printed page. Like any medium they have the power to convey emotion and the ability to assault the senses. I'll give you an example. For those who've read KINGDOM COME you may know what I'm talking about. You know what happened at the climax. Followed by the striking image of Superman. On his knees, arms outstretched, head tossed towards the heavens. And although there were no words spoken, in my mind I could hear his scream.

That's what I'm talking about.

Recently we've regarded many comics as being widescreen, as film noir, we've even referred to comics as having their own soundtracks.

Well when I read ULTIMATES. I experience it in surround sound. We're talking dolby digital, heavy bass reverberations, buzzing past your ears surround sound. Maybe you have to be a fanboy to really feel it, but don't read it and tell me you can't understand it.

"When I read ULTIMATES, I read it in surround sound"

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8) GREEN LANTERN:
"A cartoonist that ascends to Godhood... hmmm, I wonder what happens next. Oh wait, I know, Kyle gets laid. A LOT."

Actually seems like Green Lantern has given up being like unto a god for now, bet he still gets laid though.

MORE

9) DORK:
"Funny as fuck. Assuming of course, that you find 'fuck' funny."

With a single issue of DORK I completely hooked a friend in to the crazy world of comics. Last time I saw him he was buying a JOHNNY THE HOMICIDAL MANIAC trade paper back. Actually that's the second last time, the last time involved smoking a bowl on our elementary school baseball diamond, but that's another story. But you get the point don't you?

Comics aren't just addictive... They're viral.

Of all Evan's work, I certainly enjoy DORK the most. Lots of variation, lots of detail, in my opinion - far better then his work on MILK & CHEESE.

"If you can't laugh at DORK, you're a republican."

MORE

10) WONDER WOMAN
Not an easy character to write properly. Wonder Woman stems from the amazons, a group that, in wanting to become one thing became exactly that which they hated. A flawed philosophy. When the restrictions are taken away, in elseworlds titles such as KINGDOM COME and SON OF SUPERMAN for instance we see the character tackled harshly - tuning her into a war hungry bitch in many an occasion. Of course that may just mean that many comic writers are natural misogynists, but none the less, "writing a well done and solid WONDER WOMAN title takes skill. Which Jimenez has a plenty."

MORE

Don't see your book mentioned?
Give us a shout

 


Jonathan Ellis is Interviews Editor for PopImage


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INTERVIEW: Nextcomics Roundtable Pt. 2
Interview Conducted by Jonathan Ellis

POPIMAGE: Do you maintain a web portfolio of your work and how has it helped it terms of getting your work seen or getting feedback?

Vatche: That's also been great... at first my site was no more than a place where I just put my new stuff up and sent some folks the link. No one knew about it because I never considered it a website, just an online portfolio. Once I placed it on different search engines and link databases it evolved into a place I can now advertise for what I've done and what's coming up.

Mark: I have no specific portfolio site due to html idiocy. There are plans for a site, but they are waiting on holes in schedules for people to build the thing for me.

Dan:I have a ton of my old talk.bizarre material up on my web site - at www.armory.com/~crisper/Fiction - which seems to get a pretty regular stream of readers that enjoyed it. But again, not so much a portfolio... More just a dump where I throw the wasted by-products of my thoughts.

John:Nope.

Jim:The DEATH strips on Next are my only Web portfolio.

Ben: I've found a web based portfolio of sorts to be invaluable in all those ways.

POPIMAGE: Considering the potential audience one can accumulate with the breadth of the internet, do you feel a web project can gain as much importance or even more importance then a print project?

Vatche: It's very possible. I few years back I worked with David Watkins and Terrance Griep Jr. on an online strip called 'Bounties,' It did really well for us and built a decent following. I do believe it did better than the printed version through Blue Moon Comics.

Mark: Yes, but only if ventures online do not blow up in a very short period of time. Getting some proven longevity and buzz going on web projects is important. That's why Next getting through the first year is an excellent thing. It has a back catalogue that new readers can delve into as well as being regularly updated to keep old readers coming back. Its consistency as well as quality that will increase the importance of web projects. Whether it will gain more importance than print projects largely depends on how the print medium maintains itself.

Dan: Sure, though web content suffers from a perception that people have, that online material is somehow less "real" than content in other media. Most internet users seem to believe that content on the web should be free - free music, free porn, free comics, etc. Just like they seem to believe that the laws of copyright somehow don't apply here. As a result, I think the average perception is that creative work on the internet somehow just sort of "happens".

John: It CAN. I don't know if it WILL. I'm almost tempted to say that webcomics might need to just toss away any notion of being accepted by print fans, and concentrate on non comics readers.

Jim: Yes, in that the Web provides that easy distribution channel that is prohibitively difficult in print. That initial exposure is terribly important. I can see DEATH, for instance, being a successful, much beloved, thrice-weekly jocularity destination for thousands of people. And then flopping in print. And even if it does flop in print, the Web exposure and attendant creative experience can only help me put together subsequent projects, in whatever medium.

Ben: It would have to be something amazing to begin with. And then something that'd also appeal to those who don't normally read comics, online or otherwise, (and that's something lots of print work has a hard enough time doing isn't it?)

I'd like to think so though. I can hope. It would make things interesting.

POPIMAGE: I hear Nextcomics Editor In Chief Arni gets drunk at least once a week and randomly phones people around the world just to make animal noises. Is this true?

Vatche: So that's the guy... and I thought it was a Korean crank caller...

Mark: It is, but my phone is now set up to deliver electric shocks to him if he phones again.

Dan: He hasn't called me yet.

John: And I just thought I was popular with the folks at the Bronx Zoo...

Jim: Totally false. He doesn't have to get drunk to do it, and his victims are in no way random. That said, his tapir needs work, but his capybara is spot on.

Ben: He's yet to ring me, but abuses me enough online to make up for that fact I think

POPIMAGE: One aspect involved, when dealing with the online comics scene is the sheer volume of material out there. With print, you can pretty much look at something and know if it's crap, but with the wait time inherent with online comics, it, on occasion takes a little time. Where do you guys go when searching for quality comics online?

Vatche: Next Comics, also Komikwerks and Unboundcomics. As long as there is a good editor on board who mediates the material. There are very few creator owned sights which are really decent I think. There's also Planet Cartoonist's top 100 list which is a good resource for what's out there but there's a lot of crap in their top 10 so don't let that discourage you.

Mark: Obviously the main sites are the places to look for such as Next and Opi8 and then it's recommendations such as SPIDERS at e-sheep. It's like any other medium you learn to filter quickly.

Dan: The Warren Ellis Forum has always been a good one-stop clearinghouse for interesting online stuff, both big and small. I'm not sure where I'll find out about interesting things once the Forum closes... probably hear about things here and there from friends who scour the web more voraciously than I do.

Jim: I don't think I've ever gone looking for online comics. I've come across the good (and bad) through recommendations, generally picked up on message boards like WEF. There's a huge volume of online comics, but in some ways, they're invisible unless you aggressively seek them out. With the breadth and chaos of the Web, it's difficult to browse. If you're curious about print comics, you can easily browse the shelves at a decent shop.

Ben: The only places I go to for Online content, (I don't get much time just to surf these days) besides being involved with Unboundcomics and Nextcomics.com in the past, is Opi8.com. All three sites have great people behind them, who sort the wheat from the chafe so to speak. I know that the stuff up there is always s going to be pretty good.

POPIMAGE: How have each of you gone about promoting your work on Next? Or is this something you leave up to the site itself? Any offline promotion? Quite frankly I think the outdated Bazooka Joe strips could stand to have a few DEATH TAKES A HOLIDAY pieces thrown into their wrappers.

Vatche: Yeah, I let the editor do what they want. I put a link to them from my site. I also gave out home-made flyers at this year's SDCC.

Mark: Currently I have offline leafleting, though Next have their own leaflets too. There's also a case for advertising on other message boards and encouraging traffic and discussion. Personally I have other avenues to pursue advertising QOD, but firstly I have to sort out the banner to properly include all the artists as things change.

Dan: I've left promotion to the site itself, other than posting the URL to a few other online communities that I frequent (both to specifically mention my own work to acquaintances who would be interested, and to point folks to the site in general as a place to look for interesting online content).

John: Those who know me have commented on my pathological inability to hype myself. I've always been an adherent to the "Speak softly and carry a big stick" rule, where I figure if I can cut the mustard I don't have to brag about it. In theory, anyway. The truth is that people I've known for years will sometimes hear me comment on my hit play LIARS, and be surprised that I know how to spell, much less write.

Jim: I've mostly left promotion up to Arni and his crew - apart from periodically waving my arms on a message board or two. And I agree, chewing gum is a excellent medium for distributing death gags. Bazooka is missing a huge opportunity.

Ben: Ideally when I'm more in control of things, I'd promote stuff much more. But right now, and in the past, I've been the classic slacker.

POPIMAGE: Currently, there's been a revival in the comics to film trend, where just about every production company wants to get in on the SPIDER-MAN millions. Could any of you see your web properties fitted for the big screen? Considering the increasing amount of web cartoons jumping to the theatres, you may just be NEXT.

Vatche: Not really. But generally speaking, I think putting cool comics to film is long overdue. Spider-Man was a very straight up movie and doesn't go into surrealism or anything like that - there's a big difference between a Sam Raimi movie (like Darkman or Army of Darkness) than say a Tim Burton flick. That probably makes it more appealing to kids so I hope this trend continues.

Mark: Not big screen, small art house currently. Who knows though who will be the next GHOST WORLD?

Dan: Not anything I have on the web right now, but I've been working on possible properties for film and TV with JH Williams and we've begun considering the idea of initially developing on the web - primarily for reasons of establishment of trademark and the like.

Jim: Little chance for a big screen DEATH - especially after that plodding Brad Pitt flick quashed the entire "personification of death interacts with just plain folk" genre. But really, I think the strip could make the leap to animated shorts. It would work well as 30 to 60 second bumpers on MTV or Comedy Channel, or the like. Simple animation, quick setup, punchline, optional post-modern commentary on punchline, cut to Mountain Dew ad. It's offbeat enough to seem "edgy", but accessible for a general audience.

Ben: I don't really know if anything I've done would translate to film as such, as they were rather more...offbeat things or nonlinear stories which would probably make a Hollywood studio executive's head explode. I do think now has got to be a good time for someone trying to sell things to them though, as they're obviously bound to be receptive when something initially makes them tons of money.

POPIMAGE: Webcomics: Easy way to tell your stories, or jumping board to print work? Both?

Vatche: Sure, both.

Mark: Both in my opinion. Webcomics allow ways of doing shorter stories than print work would normally offer. They also allow you to show that you can produce regularly and offer the opportunity to get your work out there without a massive (or even much of a) financial investment. That said something like Popgun is designed as 22 pages to fit into both.

Dan: Easy way to tell some stories that were floating around and wanted a home. I'm glad Arni prodded me into participating; when I have my schedule more rigorously under control, I hope to do some more for the site.

John: I wouldn't be opposed to print work, but I've found that the NYC theatre scene involves chicks. LOTS of them. Everywhere. If you're gonna write for a niche market, they might as well be cute broads. Subsequently, when I have a comics story I do it for NEXTCOMICS, not thinking too much more about it. The thrust of my ambition, at this point in my life, is on the stage.

Jim: Both. It's an excellent route for weekly/daily work, and can generate interest and awareness for a subsequent printed collection. And it does provide some profile elevation for getting other upcoming print work noticed.

Ben: Both, sort of. Being online means you can do many things you can't do in the paper world though. I'd look forward to more good stuff that'd be impossible to replicate in print personally.

POPIMAGE: Parting thoughts?

Mark: The print publishers are starting to look online more and yet are still producing exactly what they do in print. Online comics are lucky in that they already have established sites that produce diverse books and will continue to ramp up the quality. Now someone just has to make the internet viable to making a profit.

John: That Massey guy is really fucking great, isn't he?

Jim: One of the best things about Web comics is how they eliminate excuses. "I can't afford to self-publish." "Established publishers don't appreciate my work." The best way to improve your craft is to sit down and do it. Web comics give you the opportunity to, you know, DO.

Well said.

Special thanks to all involved for taking the time to participate in this interview. For more of there work simply visit Nextcomics.com.

 


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Nextcomics.com - Entertaining and life fullfilling webcomics

INTERVIEW: Nextcomics Roundtable
Interview Conducted by Jonathan Ellis

In addition to our interview with Nextcomics Editor in Chief Arni, we also decided to talk to some of the creative talent involved with Next Comics and discuss how they got involved, the future of web comics and the advantages of such.

Involved in the roundtable are Vatche Mavlian, whose work can be found in Marvels recent SPIDER-MAN/DAREDEVIL one shot, Images WORLD CLASS COMICS and the upcoming THE MASKED BUCKAROO IN RETURN OF THE WHITE WOLF. A tale of the Wild West by legendary author Michael Moorcock for Nextcomics.

Mark Peyton, author of Nextcomics illustrated prose series, QUINTESSENCE OF DUST. A tale of journey and death. Peyton has also been named as one to watch for by comics star Mark Millar, and even wrote PopImage's PrOpinion; GOT NO MONEY SO WHY AREN’T YOU PUBLISHING?

Dan Curtis Johnson, best known for his work on DC Comics series CHASE joined Nextcomics early on in its inception with 12 illustrated short stories under the title of ZODIAC.

John Cecil has created psychological horrors and dramas for Nextcomics all done in his own unique and striking artistic style. WELCOME TO NEW YORK, SHOTGLASS and A THING MOST INTENSELY can all be found in the Nextcomics directory.

Jim Massey who produces the ongoing comedy strip DEATH TAKES A HOLIDAY for Nextcomics.

And Ben Templesmith, long time associate to much of the PopImage crew and flat out amazing artist. You can see Ben's work currently gracing the Image title; HELLSPAWN and coming soon to Vertigo with the Joe Casey mini series; DARWINS THEORY. Ben's work can be found on Nextcomics, adding illustrations to such works as Dan Curtis Johnson's ZODIAC.

In the following roundtable interview we discuss Nextcomics, comics on the web, distribution, promotion, the Superfast philosophy and we even poke fun at Arni, because, quite frankly, we can.


POPIMAGE: How did you get involved with Nextcomics.com?

Vatche: I think Steven Withrow (writer of 'Night Carriage Ride' and 'Forced Migration') or myself got in touch with Arni.

Mark: Last Bristol Comic Festival I released with Brian Frey a story called Coven Tree, which was both of ours first attempt at doing a sequential comic story. This was in print as part of Never Mind the Comics and rather than let the story go unread due to the generally localized nature of the books we went looking for places to house it. After working on setting up the story by itself we instead started talking to Next about putting the piece there. Quite a few of the Never mind stories have ended up on Next.

Dan: Arni approached me and asked if I had any interest in contributing to the project. I'd been batting a set of prose stories around in my head, based on the Zodiac, to probably toss onto talk.bizarre or the SCRYTCH email list, and I decided to do them for Nextcomics instead.

John: Joe Sizzles and Arni got me alone and threatened to hurt my loved ones if I didn't produce. Not really. I heard about it as an Upcoming Project from either Joe or Arni, I can't remember which. They were impressed enough with my SAVANT work that they took a look at some ideas I had.

Jim: I punched out my first batch of DEATH strips, about one a day for a couple of weeks, and posted them on the Warren Ellis Forum. This was part of Ellis's Superfast model of instant distribution. Arni and Matt Selaya from Next saw them and contacted me, and said they'd like to be the strip's online home going forward.

Ben: Arni asked me. Well, when I say 'asked', he did mention something about my family being harmed if I refused though.

POPIMAGE: Jim brought up a point in recognizing the Superfast manifesto and the idea of 'Instant Distribution'. How many of you work under or have done something in tune to the Superfast theorem? Does instant distribution seem like an accurate description for your online work?

Vatche: Sure. It's everything you brought up, plus (if you scan the stuff yourself) the art stays in your lap.

Mark: Personally I'm of the opinion that Jim's Death takes a Holiday was about it for what was of value coming out of Superfast. Certainly it inspired people to do something, but an imposed time limit had effects on lots of the quality. Just because you can put something out does not mean you should. The Superfast theorem came about quickly and has gone just as quick. It was a fast meme on Ellis Forum, but thankfully Jim is still around producing.

Dan: I've never done any comics work that's Superfast, but I pretty much cut my writing eyeteeth doing off-the-cuff short writing on the Usenet newsgroup talk.bizarre. Get in and out in no more than 48 lines of 80-column ASCII text. Fifteen minutes, tops. Some of my favourite writing I've ever done came out of nowhere, thrown onto the net in the mental equivalent of a single motion.

John: Not too many people know this, but I hear that Woody Allen is a huge James Bond fan. He likes that sort of thing, but he doesn't do that type of work himself. While he enjoys seeing it, he knows that if he tried to replicate an action scene it would fall short. It just isn't him, if you see what I mean. That's how I feel about the superfast stuff. I've enjoyed most of what I've seen, but it just isn't me.

Jim: Probably redundant for me to answer, but yes, "instant distribution" is exactly what I'm working with. It's critical for a quick-shot strip like DEATH.

Ben: Well, I guess, but no, I've yet to try the superfast theorem myself, though I'd like to shortly. It's good motivation to push and develop for sure.

POPIMAGE: How do you see web comics or comics on the web progressing in the future?

Vatche: I'm not sure... so much variety is out there. On Next there are strips done using photographs, to various mix-media, and there are other sights which do more flash oriented 'comics.' It's just a great way of pooling different kinds of things together and putting it up for people to see... accessible selection is probably the key here as more and more people are logging on.

Mark: At some point web comics will attract more of the major publishing players. Crossgen is already here and it will be interesting to see how their model of web comics work. At some point we will get popcorn comics. Whether this attracts enough attention to warrant pumping backing into them is another matter and the problem of competing against other stimuli such as films or games will not go away. What web comics could conceivably offer is a cheaper form of production allowing products to be put out there at lower prices due to the production costs being able to be split over a much larger number of units than a print comic due to the possible volume of traffic a web venture could attract. So far the internet has yet to prove itself capable of funding that sort of thing.

Dan: Hard to say... I am starting to think that just about the time the bandwidth arrives to make it possible for web-deliverable comics to be done seriously, internet culture will reach the point that people will stop wanting to be online so much of the time. I think maybe print is going to start making a comeback. Or maybe that's just wishful thinking.

John: My pessimistic side tells me that sooner or later, some suit's gonna come along and fuck everything up by trying to make money off it.

Jim: That's a tough one. Everyone acknowledges that the Web offers a quick and inexpensive distribution platform. But, as was made clear when the Web bubble burst, there's still no viable business model for the vast majority of content providers. There's still a long haul ahead, with creators producing Web comics for little or, more likely, no compensation. Or as an adjunct to a printed work - basically considered a marketing expense. Some compensation system - micropayments, or some such -- may eventually gain consumer acceptance. But I don't see it on the close horizon.

Artistically, I think we'll continue to see increasing quality of Web-based comic work. No creators go into it thinking they'll get rich, and the lure of easy distribution is hard to resist - even without compensation. And the Web is mature enough that users are no longer impressed by something just because it's on the Web, or has some animated doo-dahs. There are quality Web comics that employ various forms of animation and interaction, but it's not a substitute for quality storytelling. People want quality. Well, a lot of them do, anyway.

Ben: Slowly. It needs more people with talent, more people with balls, and more people who can think outside the box to really do some knockout stuff that raises the profile of Online content and makes people think. That's if you want them to become some big time commercial venture though, which might not be best anyway.



POPIMAGE: How has being featured on nextcomics.com worked to your advantage in terms of getting your work seen?

Vatche: It's done wonders for me... I've had stuff published at the small press level but you don't have enough copies to send to editors so here you just have to pass along the link. More importantly, your stuff might even get seen more than at the small press level. You could just put your stuff up somewhere on the net anyway, but at least this way you can say you have been e-published and many people have seen your stuff.

Mark: The initial linkup with Next means I've been able to prop work to them to showcase whilst working on stuff for other ventures. They were extremely accommodating in taking on Quintessence of Dust which is slowly building a reputation. There have certainly been advantages, but they are the sort you can't discuss for the time being.

Dan: Not really a factor; Arni needed content and I happened to have some. It wasn't intended so much as a portfolio piece or anything like that, though I'm really happy with the final results.

John: It's the ONLY place any of my comics work has been seen... so by definition it's helped a lot. Having heard such positive feedback from A THING MOST INTENSELY gave me the confidence to dust off this old play I had lying around called LIARS. I produced it off-Broadway, and I made so much money I haven't needed a real job in six months.

Jim: It's been great for me, and DEATH, since it's a one-page, easily digested gag strip, best suited to frequent, regular updates. Three times a week I have new work published. That's just impossible with self-published printed work. Next is an excellent platform for DEATH.

Ben: Don't know if it did, as it was awhile ago and I forget when it was my stuff was on there! But yes, I suppose, any sort of work being shown, especially on a professional looking and content stocked site like Nextcomics would have been a good thing.

POPIMAGE: What does the future hold for you in terms of your work for nextcomics.com?

Vatche: I finished a western story by Michael Moorcock.

Mark: Quintessence of Dust is here for the foreseeable future. Indeed in terms of the plan we're here for the next two years. An exploration of Death, Geography and travel. A modern fantasy with soul. The idea is to showcase some of the art for the series so the readers can see bits they may have missed. The plan there is to do a gallery, in addition to the monthly series, with some of the sketches and pieces not used.

Coming up in terms of comic work is a 5 part story called POPGUN with Brian "HIT" Laframboise. It's the last week in his career for John Queen. When you're a hitman who has been lying to your wife for 10 years how do you organise a retirement party? The 5 parts work to form a complete 22 page story so it's being created with options in mind.

Coven Tree 2: Vatican and hopefully 3: Borderlands should be out this year. 2 is designed to act as a companion to the original addressing flaws that crept in due to circumstance as well as expanding upon the setup of the original. The design work on this by Brian is superb. 3 explores the environment around the city and is a little experimental in terms of how we're doing the art. With luck later this year for both.

Also planned is a 10 page strip called MEMEPLEX to be done with Alex Cook. A science fiction series and that's about all you're getting out of me. Whether that happens this year depends on schedules.

Dan: Dunno yet. Arni really wants me to tackle another project but I have way less writing time these days than I'd like and I should try to devote as much of it as I can to paying work.

John: I'm trying to talk my brother into doing the artwork for a children's project. Really. He's being a pain in the ass, though. So if anyone can do that Maurice Sendak type art, and are interested in a tale entitled THE LITTLEST GANGSTER, email me!

Jim: More DEATH. It's ongoing, thrice-weekly, with no immediate plans to stop. Before too long, I'll hit critical mass and start arranging for a printed collection, but the strip will keep chugging along on Next. I'm working on other comics projects, but they're better suited to self-published printed pieces.

Ben: Well... I drew Arni a teddy bear recently. Don't ask.

Click Here for Part Two of the Nextcomics Roundtable

 


Jonathan Ellis is Interviews Editor for PopImage


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INTERVIEW: JUSTIN GRAY & JIMMY PALMIOTTI:
LIVE FREE OR DIE


Interview conducted by Jonathan Ellis
Click thumbnails for larger images


Coming in September, Wildstorm premieres with two new series from the writing team of Justin Gray and Jimmy Palmiotti.

With a past in mining, entomology, meteorology and... fish, Justin's current career path really picked up steam while interning at Marvel. Since that time Justin has worked alongside Jimmy on a number of Hollywood properties as well as their new series from Wildstorm. Jimmy, although primarily known for his inking skills, has spent more and more of his time recently putting his writing skills to work on a number of comics as well as a few television properties currently in the works. Together they bring to you two new series sans the usual capes and tights superheroics and delight in the attitude; live free or die.

Be sure to pre-order now, 'cause coming in September the fight against death begins as Wildstorm unleashes THE RESISTANCE & 21 DOWN.

Click for mini-site


Following the destruction of nearly three quarters of the world's plant life in the disaster of 2030 the world has been thrown into an ecological imbalance. Entire species of animals declined and the world's oxygen production declined so greatly, artificial respiratory factories were structured to create breathable air. One hundred years of food riots, famine, war and chaos followed. THE RESISTANCE takes place in the year 2280, drugs are legal, religion is outlawed, food is world's most precious commodity and the planet is under the watchful eye of the Global Control Commission. Even breeding rights are now controlled under law, only those capable of financially supporting children and contributing to the global economy were granted these rights. But for the sake of self preservation, the poor and unfortunate continued to breed.

Due to the moral implications of such a law, androids were constructed as a nonbiased police force to hunt down, capture and even kill citizens. Unauthorized free-births began calling themselves Strayz as they had, under, GCC law, deviated from the so-called good of humanity. Born with a death certificate and embracing an extreme lifestyle of decadence and peril, these small cells of Resistance fighters look to overthrow the GCC, by exposing the greatest conspiracy in human history.

POPIMAGE: In the future world of THE RESISTANCE, drugs are legal and religion is outlawed. Is this a bad thing? One piece of art released so far features a woman wearing a cross being shot.

Jimmy:
Well, anything that is organized to the point that the individual loses their voice and the group is the only decision made becomes a dangerous thing right away. Jesus Siaz, artist on the 21 DOWN series, paints the image that you are speaking about and it's his commentary on the book. The great thing about hiring all these wonderful artists to do pieces for the cover is that you never know what we are going to get.

Justin: You're not going to get a popular idea out of me regarding either religion or drugs. Both are ancient forms of control and pseudo-enlightenment. I think we all realize that making something illegal doesn't mean it no longer exists or that people will leave it alone. Contrary to what some might think, drugs don't open the portal to a new consciousness. I've done them, all kinds of them in large quantities and maybe I'm unlucky but all I got was high. The difference in Resistance is that some people realize and embrace the similarities between all forms of spirituality. Other people realize that things such as drugs are a far more useful tool and quite profitable as well. Just ask the CIA.

Click for larger imageFighting against the system is an obvious theme in THE RESISTENCE, but how large a role do politics actually play within the series?

Jimmy:
A large part of the book is the role that the politics play in controlling the public. Public perception and all about the way the system manipulates its citizens into thinking a certain way and making them believe what they want so there is an order to the chaos that is the world. We deal with this on a basic storytelling level and try to keep the reader on the edge of their seat all the while.

Justin: The system we see in Resistance exists on many levels right now. The only sad thing is that people are too preoccupied with game cubes, celebrity gossip, living vicariously through other people's lives and extreme sports to give a shit about what's happening around them. Music is passive pandering crap, agro rock is homogenized, what was once outlawed urban fun is now televised on cable sport channels, promoted in summer movies and packaged at today's "youth market" with specific product placement. The half hour you spend watching the real world, or survivor is a half hour you could be spending living your own life. Obviously this is a generalization but it is a generalization that makes the System happy.

Speaking of the CIA and politics, will the Government be seen primarily as a physical force or will there also be a shadow government pulling strings from behind the scenes? Manipulating media and controlling totalitarian regulatory factors?

Justin:
The nature of Resistance is that a majority of the population has willingly surrendered control in place of being taken care of. There is no need for a shadow government because the threat of returning to the previous 200 years of war, famine and chaos is enough to maintain their society. As we see with each generation being raised by the media, people begin to accept certain things as fact or having always been that way. For instance, the recent debate over the pledge of allegiance exposed how a majority of the public was unaware that the inclusion of "under God" was not part of the original document but added in 1954.

Will some of the factors of 'the system' that exist today continue to exist in the world of The Resistance? Looking at some of those you've mentioned, one might think they'd not only exist but increase in popularity.

Justin:
Yes, look at what's happening in the aftermath of September 11th. In October of last year the government rushed through a number of laws that infringe on the basic principals of our society including personal privacy. People are being held on suspicion without direct proof of guilt and a majority of Americans feel that's not a problem. The attitude is that if you have done nothing wrong then there is nothing to fear. People like to know that justice, even if it is an illusion, is being upheld. With people still emotionally raw from the tragedy of 911, they embraced nearly any action designed to make them feel safer and more secure. The same sorts of rules apply to The Resistance where people feel that these criminal elements, Strayz, are directly affecting their survival.

If the Kevin Nowlan artwork is any indication, this new world will spawn new species, or variant species at least. What sort of new species or post humans can readers expect to see?

Jimmy:
When you have so much going on with the environment so quickly, there are bound to be casualties and at the same time, some very interesting reprocussions. The mermaids are a result of an experiment that got out of hand and took on a life of it self. I don't want to give away too much, but I will tell you, the Hudson River is as polluted as ever!

Justin: We already create variant species, super corn, glow in the dark hamsters, cloned animals. Mermaids and serpent girls are the porn of tomorrow.

What sort of inspirations were you drawing on for this series? Noam Chomsky? Marshall McLuhan?

Justin:
There is no denying Mr. Chomsky's influence on my attitude toward some global politics or certain aspects of The Resistance. Mr. McLuhan's analysis of media doesn't play as large a role in the genesis of this book other than the obvious fact that the media sways Western civilization far more than it should. I'm saving the complete media bashing for another venue.

Click for huge art spread


Are the protagonists in THE RESISTANCE meant to reflect attitudes OF and TOWARDS today's generation of youth? "...a parasite on Earth's precious, dwindling resources." Is used to describe the core characters. Sounds awfully familiar.

Jimmy:
Youth always has something fresh to say and the energy to change what is around them, to make it better. I like to think this is still a popular attitude, but less and less this isn't the case. Lets look at our society in a nutshell...the 60's were famous for change... the 70's, and 80's were about new ideas, a short lived hedonism, a change is attitude and the breakdown of the political power structure... now the 90's and 2000's are exactly what music is pushing down everyone's throats, its the "me" generation all over again. All the politics left today are about more money, bigger houses and more "bitches". Watch MTV and that is a great sign where kids are at today... a really dangerous attitude of not being involved. The people in their 30's and 40's are doing all the babysitting for a generation that doesn't care about anything but themselves. It's no wonder Enron and Worldcom and all these companies feel they can get away with all this. The new generation is setting themselves up for media manipulation and a shallow future with less control than ever. These are themes for our series.

Justin: Yeah, it is familiar. Every generation makes some asinine comment like "kids today are... more dangerous, more violent, more sexually promiscuous." Kids don't change only their environment changes and they react accordingly to survive. Who creates this environment is responsible for how the next generation reacts to it. Corporations look at us as a demographic, a niche market where they can push their wares to make their lives better. The protagonists in Resistance don't have time to sit home and collect useless crap, drive convertibles or argue over the best pop diva, they have to survive. These characters aren't a commentary on White American Suburbia, quite the opposite really.

Click for larger imageSpeaking of environment. Much of how our environment changes is a result of energy and technology. For each new induction, the steam engine, electricity, atomic power, even the internet, our world changes with it. Was there any specific catalyst that lead to this new environment of the future? What sort of new technologies can we expect to see?

Justin:
The shift in the environment was a result of the release of an anti-botanical agent similar to Agent Orange. What was originally intended to be an act of terrorism, an attempt to cripple the US by damaging its food crops, turned into a global disaster.

The technologies we will see are varied. With the decline in plant life comes a decline in oxygen so we have vast complexes designed to pump air into the skies. Unfortunately they are pulling some of that oxygen from the oceans, which have grown in size due to the further melting of icecaps. We'll see some genetic advances and the beginning stages of nanite technology infused into functioning society.

Who makes up 'The Strayz'?

Justin:
There are a few core characters that we focus on in the beginning of the series, but unlike traditional team books these characters are expendable and when they die that's it.

Sergio Ortiz whom we like to think of, as a cross between Shaft and Martin Luther King Jr., is a well-respected leader.

Brian Sturm is a computer genius, the babe in the woods type character.

FTP Jones is our transport specialist with a love of machines and high speed driving.

Tommy Lyne is insane. Everybody knows that one person that will do anything regardless of how crazy or dangerous, so Tommy fits that role perfectly.

Version Mary is our Cathlo-Zen bad ass, take no flack, spiritual, Amazon, sex object. Since religion has been outlawed certain people have taken the surviving bits of various dogmas and constructed their own belief systems. Mary is the last of her faith.

We also follow the life of Agent Joe Hicks as he struggles with the morality of the Job he's been born into.

Click for mini-site


The other series debuting from this creative team is 21 DOWN

21 DOWN begins with the 20th birthday of our protagonist Preston and starts the countdown to his death. Preston's powers came with a death sentence of 21 years, and now he has to accept that his life is counting down day by day. To further complicate matters though is the sexy and mysterious Mickey Rinaldi who is trying o determine exactly why the Gen Actives are dying off, and who may just be the only person who can find a way to save them.

"What if you had the opportunity to gain powers that made you far superior to ordinary humans? Would the price of such powers matter? What if the price meant you died when you turned 21 - would you still accept them? Worse yet, what if you accepted them as a teenager, and you've just celebrated your 20th birthday?"

Did Preston, the main character, CHOOSE to gain these powers or were they the result of something else?

Jimmy:
Very few things in life are really done by choice and Preston is no exception. This is something that has been thrust upon him and he does have the choice to ignore it or put it to good use.

Justin: No, he didn't chose them, he's not a hero in the traditional barrel-chested, square jawed sense. He has no obligation to stand up and stop the injustices of the world. Preston is a somewhat ordinary guy that never wanted to be anything special. Unfortunately that option no longer applies.

Click for larger imageWe know the main character is counting down to his death, but he's not exactly living each day to its fullest is he? Guy's got to make a living right?

Jimmy:
Well...up until the day he meets Mickey, he isn't really living very much at all, just going from day to day. If it wasn't for his friends and brother, his motivation wouldn't be there at all. Preston, up until his 20th birthday, life was a day to day business as usual thing. This book starts a couple of days after his b-day and everything starts to get wild.

Justin: He has to make a living, but he's not trying to become the head of a global corporation. He chooses a simple life that makes him happy; you don't have to work 80 hours a week to do that.

Jimmy, you really brought this project together, gathering the creative team and such. Will you be taking an editorial seat on this project or are you leaving that up to Bob Harras and his boys?

Jimmy:
It's all bobs job... when I am hired for anything, I tend to get involved in more ways than one, and doing some press with Justin is just one of the ways. The editorial thing is second nature with Knights and Event behind me... but to tell you the truth, I like that someone else is out there as well. I am really happy with the way D.C. and Wildstorm are handling these projects. Ask me again when we are on issue 5, and we will see if the answer is the same, lol.

Click for larger imageIt's been revealed that Preston is not the only one in his unique situation, will these others be introduced early off or will you be keeping the attention on the sole character for the most part?

Justin: 21DOWN
is a condition so that allows us to introduce and play with other characters suffering from the same terminal condition. It's also an opportunity to look at the concept of "super" powers and apply them to some unexpected people. Preston and Mickey will encounter others afflicted with superheroitis, a degenerative and stagnating disease, but it may not be what people expect.

What sort of situations will an empowered Preston get into, while at the same time, staying away from the typical wham bam super heroics?

Justin:
Jimmy and I feel there are enough wham-bam superhero comics being produced by some very talented people so we decided to take 21DOWN in a different direction. We're going more for subtlety and mood, taking a look at ordinary people having been burdened with superpowers. Being able to fly or run fast is cool, but what if your ability was to turn time back five minutes? It doesn't seem like much in the shadow of characters that can tear mountains out of the ground, but it would make for interesting sex. The situations Preston is going to find himself in are ones where we explore humanity with touches of the surreal. That's where Jesus Saiz really adds something special to the series. His ability to convey emotion through character movements and expressions is so important to what Jimmy and I attempting.

Click for larger imageHow exactly will these powers manifest and in what form?

Justin:
Preston's powers are related to death. At first they seem clichéd, but as the series progresses he grows more powerful and expands the range of his relationship with death. Realistically the focus is not so much on the superpower element, mainly because it becomes a crutch and an easy plot device to resolve conflict. You end up structuring stories around that power instead of the character and eventually it becomes repetitive. Say you can throw a 98-mile an hour fastball. During a baseball game you are a force to be reckoned with, but a fastball doesn't really mean much if you're trying to save someone who is drowning.

And for all those wondering about the rumors regarding 21 DOWN on its way to Hollywood... comments?

Justin:
I'd like to but I've been told I can't. Sorry.

I’ll just have to wait for the day you boys are featured in Variety then

In the meanwhile though, go to your local comics shop and reserve your copies of THE RESISTANCE & 21 DOWN now

Thanks.

 


Jonathan Ellis is Interviews Editor for PopImage


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POPPREVIEW: How to Read Superhero Comics and Why
Authored by Geoff Klock

How to Read Superhero Comics and Why
The Continuum International Publishing Group (New York and London)
August 2002
Pop Culture / Literary Criticism
256p
6 x 9
Paperback ISBN# 0826414192
$22.95 U.S.($35.50 Canadian)

Available on Amazon.com now, or pre-order from your local bookstore.
Contact the author at nyuloki@aol.com

How to Read Superhero Comics and Why brings literary critic Harold Bloom's thesis that the meaning of a poem is to be found in its relationship with an earlier poem to the study of the modern superhero comic book.

Superhero comic books are traditionally thought to have at least two distinct periods, two major waves of creativity: the golden age and the silver age. Reductively stated, the golden age was the birth of the superhero proper out of the pulp novel characters of the early 1930s, and was primarily associated with DC Comics. Superman, Batman, Green Lantern, and Wonder Woman are the most famous creations of this period. In the early 1960s, Marvel Comics launched a completely new line of heroes, the primary figures of the silver age: the Fantastic Four, Spider-Man, the Incredible Hulk, the X-Men, the Avengers, Iron Man, and Daredevil.

An analysis of superhero comic books beginning with Frank Miller's Batman: The Dark Knight Returns and Alan Moore's Watchmen drawing on the literary and psychoanalytic theory of Harold Bloom and Slavoj Žižek, How to Read Superhero Comics and Why argues for the recognition of a new age of superhero comic books. Klock builds through a discussion of Marvels, Astro City, Kingdom Come, Alan Moore's America's Best Comics and Grant Morrison's Justice League of America to argue that Planetary, The Authority and Wildcats usher in the future of the superhero narrative: opening the door to what will be today what Spiderman and the Fantastic Four were in the early 1960s, what Superman and Batman were in the late 1930s.



Contents

Introduction
0. Melancholy and the Infinite Earths
Crisis on Infinite Earths, Superman: Whatever Happened to the Man of Tomorrow, and JLA: Earth-2
The Bat and the Watchmen:
Introducing the Revisionary Superhero Narrative
Batman: The Dark Knight Returns, Batman: Year One, Batman: the Killing Joke, and Watchmen
"It is with considerable difficulty..." The Revisionary Superhero Narrative Phase Two
Marvels, Astro City, and Kingdom Come
3. America's Best Comics: Tracing the (Re)visionary Company
The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Tom Strong, Promethea, Top Ten, and Tomorrow Stories
4. Pumping Up the Volume: The Revisionary Superhero Narrative Approaches the New Age
Grant Morrison's Justice League of America, and Warren Ellis's Stormwatch, The Authority, and the WildC.A.T.s/Aliens crossover.
5. The Superhero as Critic: The Birth of the Modern Age
Planetary, Mark Millar and Frank Quitely's Authority, and Joe Casey and Sean Phillips's Wildcats
Epilogue: Pop Comics, Harold Bloom at Harvard, and the Oedipal Fallacy.
Marvel Boy, Grant Morrison and Frank Quitely's New X-Men, Peter Milligan and Mike Allred's X-Force.
A Frequently Asked Question: Unbreakable
Annotated Bibliography
Index
Endnotes



Sample

The following is an excerpt from Geoff's book.
An analysis of Alan Moore's
Watchmen, from chapter 1

Alan Moore's revisionary superhero narrative Watchmen expresses its anxieties about the recurrence of the fictional repressed in terms of the return of the dead. Before looking closely at this trope however, we must understand Watchmen's rather different stance on the superhero: its criticism. It begins questioning the assumptions of the superhero with its title, which lures the comic-savvy reader into assuming that it is the eponym of a superhero team around which the book revolves - not in fact the case. The last page of the work reveals that the title is actually taken from the Juvinal epigraph "Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?" ("Who watches the watchmen?"), a phrase that occurs throughout the work in the form of graffiti. The statement contains a kind of a priori destabilization of the assumptions that make superhero comics work: that heroes can simply look after a population without complications. The understanding that the police require policemen ad infinitum questions whether the very foundations of superhero literature can in fact be maintained. Watchmen declares that they cannot.

Moore takes on a more complex job than Miller. Watchmen is an attempt to make sense of superhero history in all its varied aspects rather than synthesize the history of a single character. A sprawling work much longer than The Dark Knight Returns, it engages comic book history through a number of devices including epigraphs for all twelve issues culled from sources as disparate as Jung, Blake, Shelley, Nietzsche, Einstein, Bob Dylan, John Cale, and the Bible. Each issue, with the exception of the last, is also accompanied by a prose piece from the fictional world of Watchmen: excerpts from the autobiography of a retired hero, right and left wing newspapers articles, Sally Jupiter's scrapbook, a psychological profile on one of the heroes, a scientific article on Dr. Manhattan's powers, and an essay on bird watching by the alter ego of Night Owl, Dan Dreiberg. An analysis of Watchmen cannot simply reiterate points made about The Dark Knight Returns. We will look at a few key strains in Watchmen, paying attention to where it differs from Miller's work. Observations on The Dark Knight Returns placed alongside an analysis of Watchmen, will give a complete picture of the first phase of the revisionary superhero narrative.

The first thing to note is the difference between Miller's realism and Alan Moore's. As noted above Miller's realism revises by intensifying the superhero narrative, insisting on its perspective as the answer to the "multiple choice" comic book history in which it participates. Miller's is a movement, in Bloom's terminology, of tessera: "A poet antithetically 'completes' his precursor, by so reading the parent-poem as to retain its terms but to mean them in another sense, as though the precursor had failed to go far enough."i Alan Moore's realism, on the other hand, performs a kenosis toward comic book history,


The later poet, apparently emptying himself of his own afflatus, his imaginative godhood, seems to humble himself as though he were ceasing to be a poet, but his ebbing is so performed in relation to the precursor's poem-of-ebbing that the precursor is emptied out also, and so the latter poem of deflation is not as absolute as it seems.ii


Moore's realism does not ennoble and empower his characters as Miller's realism does for Batman. Rather it sends a wave of disruption back through superhero history by asking, for example, What would make a person dress up in a costume and fight crime? Dan Dreiberg sees his own adoption of the Night Owl persona as a childish fantasy: "Being a crimefighter ... was just this adolescent, romantic thing ... That's why I sort of regretted the Crimebusters falling through back in sixty-whenever-it-was. It would have been like joining the Knights of the Round Table."iii He names his airship after Merlin's Owl from The Sword and the Stone. While endearing, there is something distinctly sad for the comic book reader confronting Dan's realization that "it's all crap dressed up with a lot of flash and thunder. I mean, who needs all this hardware to catch hookers and purse-snatchers?"iv Here, Moore de-values one of the basic superhero convention by placing his masked crimefighters in a realistic world where flashy masked villains - albeit with a few pathetic exceptions - simply don't exist. Superheroes only make sense in a world where masked opponents support their fantasy, and masked opponents only exist to fight superheroes. The fictionality of a genre which might appear to have some elements of social relevance because its setting is contemporary urban America rather than medieval times or outer space, is exposed in a particularly tragic way. Moore's kenosis is a powerful strategy: to defeat comic book history with superheroes is to take your place at the head of the tradition.

Moore connects the decision to dress up as a masked crimefighter, not only with childhood fantasies and mid-life crises of the idle rich, but also with the more disturbing and interesting issue of sexual fetish. Dan Dreiberg (Night Owl) keeps a picture of an old costumed villain, The Twilight Lady - posed on a bed, dressed in leather, and sporting a riding crop. He fails to perform sexually with Laurie Juspeczyk (the second Silk Specter) until they embrace in costume after a night adventuring. Laurie asks, "Did the costumes make it good? Dan...?"v To which he replies "Yeah. Yeah, I guess the costumes had something to do with it. It just feels strange, you know? To come out and admit that to somebody. To come out of the closet."vi The public is fully aware of the sexual dimension of these self-styled heroes. An interview with Sally Jupiter (the first Silk Specter), asks "how much would you say that it's a sex thing, putting on a costume?"vii This only makes for all the more disturbing a setting in which to take up crimefighting.

Another prose piece, the autobiography of Hollis Mason, the original Night Owl, includes his observation that "[s]ome of us [became costumed crimefighters] out of a sense of childish excitement and some of us, I think, did it for a kind of excitement that was altogether more adult if perhaps less healthy."viii We are told one villain dressed up because he took sexual/masochistic enjoyment in being assaultedix; Hooded Justice and The Silhouette are revealed as homosexuals, and Rorschach's interaction with Night Owlx suggests homoerotic tendencies.

Clearly the suggestion of sexual fetish and homosexuality has a strong reverberation with the accusations of Frederic Wertham, discussed above. Moore's exploration of the motives for costumed crimefighting sheds a disturbing light on past superhero stories, and forces the reader to re-evaluate - to re-vision - her understanding of every superhero in terms of Moore's kenosis - his emptying out of the tradition. Miller's Batman is a powerful but realistic figure in his costume. Dan Dreiberg's informing Laurie that the first time he used his prototype exoskeleton suit it broke his arm summarizes Moore's position. "That sounds like the sort of costume that could really mess you up," she says. "Is there any other sort,"xi he replies. Dave Gibbons's illustration is an underrated part of this project of demystification, but Watchmen cannot be appreciated without taking it into account. Miller's moody shadows, reminiscent of noir, are very romantic and invoke a world as tough and gritty as it is operatic. Gibbons's characters, on the other hand, all have a distinct sadness, and his frumpy characters stand in stark contrast to Miller's very "cool" Batman. Moore's realism does not empower, as Miller's does, but empties out the power of previous superhero narratives to ensure the primacy of Watchmen in the tradition. The price he pays for this success, however, is accounted for in Watchmen's anxiety over the return of the dead, the return of the past he has stolen inspiration from, in a sense almost literally deflating. In order to understand this, the reader must be made aware of exactly where comic book history, though submerged, breaks through.

Unlike Miller, who comes to a Batman already written by many authors, Moore's characters appear, at first glance, to have a clean slate and in this respect should be able to offer little, outside of marginal commentary, on established heroes. As noted in most academic discussions of Watchmen, however,xii Moore's characters resonate certain comic book archetypes in such a way as to suggest other established superheroes. Adrian Veidt's (Ozymandias's) optimism, confidence, and Antarctic headquarters invoke Superman and his Fortress of Solitude. His wealth, intelligence, birthday (1939) and perfected human physical prowess recall Batman. His role in his corporation suggests Bruce Wayne and Wayne-corp. Night Owl's wealth, gadgets, costume, mode of transportation, and basement equipment room - and the fact that his predecessor, Hollis Mason, began fighting crime in 1939 - also suggest Batman and the Batcave, but equally invoke the Blue Beetle. The second Night Owl's alter ego, Dan Dreiberg, visually suggests an impotent, middle-aged Clark Kent. The Comedian, in one of Moore's more powerful tropes, is a kind of Captain America if Captain America had gone to Vietnam. Rorschach's reactionary, violent, obsessive-loner personality and refusal to compromise suggests the same Batman picked up on by Frank Miller, or Marvel Comics' Wolverine, or the Punisher. Dr. Manhattan, as the only super-powered being, aloof, almost alien, and never aging, suggests Superman. The reference to "Wally Weaver ... Dr. Manhattan's Buddy"xiii reminds the reader of "Jimmy Olson, Superman's Pal" and indeed, in the graphic for the military complex in which Dr. Manhattan lives is embedded the Superman shield.xiv

This move of referencing in order to shed light on established heroes by invoking certain archetypal comic book signifiers is common to the revisionary superhero narrative's investigation of its own history. The current character, though obviously in debt to her source, can often act as a powerful misprision of that original character, while the fact that it is not actually the original frees the writer from the constraints of copyright and continuity. This is the superhero narrative's revisionary referencing, an idea central to understanding this emerging literature.

Watchmen's revisionary referencing is used to ask questions about the history it absorbs. Is Adrian Veidt a hero? Is his massive hoax, which killed three million people but prevented a nuclear world war, where Batman's foresight and intelligence must lead? Or, is Batman more accurately reflected in Rorschach, a violent psychopath whose refusal to compromise will be his downfall? To what degree are Wertham's observations of homoeroticism actually reflected in comic books themselves? How can Superman retain his humanity in light of his power? How can readers accept that Marvel Comic's Captain America still retains his optimism after Vietnam and Watergate? Is the cynical Comedian what he should look like?

These last two questions are a perfect example of the strategy employed in the revisionary reference. Alan Moore's Comedian performs in relation to Captain America Bloom's clinamatic swerve: "a corrective movement in [the latter] poem, which implies that the precursor poem went accurately up to a certain point, but then should have swerved, precisely in the direction that the new poem moves."xv The Comedian is this swerve. This strategy of revisionary referencing must be kept in mind throughout this exploration of the revisionary superhero narrative, as it is one of its most common and interesting moves.

In this context of intertextuality Watchmen's scene juxtaposition is crucial. Again and again two seemingly unrelated scenes are juxtaposed and the dialogue from one is a running commentary on the other. In one exchange for example (to select one from scores) Dr. Manhattan is being interviewed while, elsewhere, Dan and Laurie battle a street gang. The host selects an audience member to ask a question and says "Now how about you over there. Yes, you, sir. And please [cut to Dan and Laurie attacking] lets try and keep it snappy."xvi A reporter claims Dr. Manhattan's friend died of cancer in 1971 and, as the next panel shows Dan striking a thug in the face, says "I believe it was quite sudden and quite painful."xvii The reporter goes on the mention a villain Dr. Manhattan encountered "during the Sixties in battles, conflicts [cut back to Dan and Laurie's brawl] whatever it is you super-people do."xviii Throughout Watchmen it can be seen that meaning is elsewhere, deferred, and very often unaware of its relevancy. Within the text this takes the form of spatial juxtaposition, but this method also illustrates Watchmen's place among the texts that inform it, and which it informs. It is entirely appropriate in this context that Rorschach's psychological report shows that he has witnessed at a young age his mother engaging in a sexual act; only later could he understand what it was he was seeing. This structure of deferred action, as it is known in psychology, powerfully informs the reader's understanding of Watchmen. The superhero stories read as a child must be entirely re-evaluated in light of such later knowledge as the revisionary superhero narrative provides.

Like The Killing Joke, Watchmen also has many moments of reflexivity, not concerned with the contradictory history of any one character but rather with the difficulty of absorbing such a dense tradition as superhero comic book literature. Watchmen betrays an intense anxiety over the return of the dead, the return of the comic book history Moore's kenosis disabled, rising for revenge. To situate our thought around the return of the dead and the status of tradition I would like to quote theorist Slavoj Žižek, from Looking Awry: An Introduction to Jacques Lacan through Popular Culture. He writes,


The return of the dead is a sign of a disturbance in the symbolic rite, in the process of symbolization; the dead return as collectors of some unpaid symbolic debt. ...
... It is precisely for this reason that the funeral rite exemplifies symbolization at its purest: through it, the dead are inscribed in the text of symbolic tradition. ... The "return of the living dead" is, on the other hand, the reverse of the proper funeral rite. While the later implies a simple reconciliation, an acceptance of loss, the return of the dead signifies that they cannot find their proper place in the text of tradition.xix


One recalls, when reading Watchmen, that the gravestone marker Rest In Peace (R.I.P.) does not mean "sleep well" but "do not return to disturb us." Žižek captures Watchmen's anxieties exactly. To a large degree Watchmen is an attempt to provide the dead a proper burial, making sure its predecessors find their proper place in the text of tradition, and ensuring that Watchmen incurs, in spite of its obvious poetic inheritance, no unpaid symbolic debt which the dead will return to collect. The horror comic, the broken tradition of comic book history within Watchmen, allows the reader to see the anxiety of influence in operation.

Watchmen invokes its own history as a superhero narrative, but also makes reference to a host of apocryphal comic book literature: the horror comic books shut down by Wertham,xx Sally Jupiter's "Tijuana Bible,"xxi and Adrian Veidt's "Veidt Method [for body building]" for which appears in the back of Watchmen as a prose insert, and recalls the Charles Atlas self-improvement advertising featured in the backs of early comic books. The most noticeable item of comic book apocrypha, however, is the horror/pirate comic book. Throughout issues 3 to 11 the reader continually returns to a boy reading "Tales of the Black Freighter," a story within a story that we read along with him. As a warning for heroes, the plot of "The Black Freighter" clearly juxtaposes itself against the plot of Watchmen as a whole - a man attempting to save his family and home from destruction, becomes, in his obsession, the very instrument for the force he was trying to stop.

It is the story's imagery, however, which betrays a different reading, in terms of Watchmen's interaction with its own history. In "The Black Freighter" the dead become an emblem of Watchmen's submerged past which informs, supports, and threatens Moore's narrative. A weighted summary is necessary to gather key images from the various issues throughout which this mini-narrative is spread: our nameless protagonist buries his fallen shipmates after "several of the beached corpses had become inflated by gas,"xxii attempts "matching odd limbs as best [he] could"xxiii and finally sleeps upon the grave; when he wakes he "conceived of building a raft, although inwardly [he] doubted it would float."xxiv The trees are not buoyant enough for a raft so he exhumes the gas bloated corpses he has buried and dreamt upon - pausing in his work, "entranced by the startling beauty of a tattoo or the enigma of an old scar,"xxv - and makes a craft of their bodies. "By afternoon, I'd felled enough young palms to build the deck of my conveyance, affixing it to the human float beneath."xxvi The craft is a disturbing and powerful emblem of Watchmen, sailing on the gas filled - literally "inspired" - dead history of old comic book literature ("in-spired," from the Latin "to fill with wind"). After dreaming upon their bodies, Watchmen (and our narrator as an emblem of the revisionist) finds a way to utilize, to hijack, their inspiration, rather than toss another body, its own, on the heap - and cobbles together their ruins, stopping to appreciate unique moments of beauty or question old markings. The utilization of tradition and influence is not an idle game of tongue-in-cheek allusions but is actually necessary for the narrative's survival. Music critic Perry Meisel's remark on a "tradition sufficiently dense with precedent to cause the kinds of self consciousness and anxiety with which we are familiar," (quoted above) takes on a particularly literal twist here. If our "revisionary narrator" or "revisionary (anti-) hero" of "The Black Freighter" is not supported by a certain number of "inspired," gas-bloated bodies his craft - the revisionary narrative - will sink.

Watchmen does not stop there if this allegory is to be understood as such. Absorbing more dead, our protagonist consumes a seagull he plucks out of the air and eats raw, but cannot contain it, and vomits.xxvii (Note the bird as an especially poignant symbol of poetic inspiration, e.g. Keats's Nightingale, Hardy's Darkling Thrush.) The absorption of the dead, of tradition, requires a certain process or methodology (in this case gastrointestinal) in order for the corpses of tradition to be properly "incorporated." This failure to incorporate is juxtaposed against the false confidence of the news vendor whose voice often breaks over the kid during his reading of "The Black Freighter": "I absorb information. I miss nothing. ... The weight o' the world's on [the newsvendor], but does he quit? Nah! He's like Atlas! He can take it!"xxviii Watchmen is very concerned with being able to handle all of the dead it attempts to ingest and fears being a regurgitation, rather than an organization, of superhero tradition. It fears that the dead it attempts to handle will overwhelm it, and failing control it will perish, sinking down among them to be judged by a stronger vision above the waves, above Miller's "endless spring right beneath," above chaotic comic book tradition.

The eighth issue of Watchmen takes place on Halloween and aligns masked crimefighters with the children in costume on the street. The epigraph, "On Hallowe'en the old ghosts come about us, and they speak to some; to others they are dumb,"xxix emphasizes that Halloween is the day when the dead tread closest to the living, and that Watchmen is a text trying to contain a mass of dead souls. Our Black Freighter narrator is disturbingly close to the dead who literally keep him afloat: "it seemed I conversed with my perished shipmates. Their voices spoke from beneath the raft; thick; bubbling"xxx Rorschach's past comes to claim him in the prison riot: "You're alone in the valley of the shadow, Rorschach," says one of his antagonists - referring both to the Biblical shadow of death and meta-textually to Bloom's shadow of influence - "where your past has a long reach and between you and it there's only one crummy lock. Think about it... Halloween, when the dead things return."xxxi

Watchmen is the "one crummy lock" which can hold back and organize the past, keeping the dead from rising while floating on their inspiration. References to the dead abound in Watchmen. Rorschach remarks of the Egyptian decor in Veidt's office, "Whole culture death-fixated, obsessively securing their tombs against intruders ... Didn't like the thought of corpses interfered with. [Superheroes/Watchmen] can't afford to be so squeamish. Disturbing dead our job."xxxii He continues to note that the Pharaohs "believed cadavers would rise ... Understand now why always mistrusted fascination with relics and dead kings. In final analysis, it's us or them,"xxxiii a very revealing remark in terms of literature's interaction with its own tradition.

Adrian Veidt modeled his life on Alexander the Great and reminds us that "He entered Egypt through Memphis, where they proclaimed him son of Amon, Judge of the Dead."xxxiv In a drug-induced vision the resurrected dead inspire him. Veidt's perfume, Nostalgia, and its advertisements ("Oh, how the ghost of you clings,") reinforces the connection between the dead and the resurrected influence of the past. The image of the Nostalgia bottle shattering, its contents spilling, takes on heightened relevance in this context: nostalgia, clinging ghosts unable to be contained. Watchmen exposes again and again its position as a receptacle for the dead, as being supported on a raft of the dead, and as judging the dead that it receives.

As Harold Bloom notes one powerful defense against the return of the dead is the rhetorical trope of metalepsis or transumption. It should only be mentioned here, as Watchmen only hints at it, and held in mind in case it is of interest in the context of other superhero narratives. Two moments are of primary interest. The first is Adrian Veidt's drug trip in which he communes with the dead while following his pilgrimage in honor of Alexander the Great. He notes:


The ensuing vision transformed me. Wading through powdered history, [Cf. "the burnt remains of a crime fighter..."] I heard dead kings walking, underground; heard fanfares sound through human skulls. Alexander had merely resurrected an age of pharaohs. Their wisdom, truly immortal, now inspired me!xxxv


Here Veidt finds his way through the trope of Alexander to an early-ness, a freshness when no ghost or anxiety could have been, to a fantastic fiction of a period before influence. Secondly he adopts Ramses the Second's Greek name, Ozymandias, resolving to apply antiquity's teachings to today's world. Like Joyce's titling his great novel Ulysses rather than Odysseus, Veidt tropes on a trope, and as Bloom argues "Transumption murders time, for by troping on a trope, you enforce a state of retoricity or word-consciousness, and you negate fallen history."xxxvi Thus, as in his drug trip, Veidt is "remarkably freed of the burden of anteriority," because he "himself is already one with the future, which he introjects,"xxxvii in the form of his utopia to be. This is why his Nostalgia perfume advertisement becomes Millennium perfume after his master plan succeeds.

As The Killing Joke suggests, there is often a connection to be made between the metaphysics espoused in philosophical speeches in a superhero narrative and the construction of the revisionary superhero narrative itself. Alan Moore's use of the revisionary ratio kenosis, discussed above, reaches its height in Dr. Manhattan's musings on the universe and its depths in Rorschach's understanding of the world. Rorschach takes his name from the psychological "ink blot" test because it reflects his personal metaphysical views, which a reader may find familiar after our discussion of The Dark Knight Returns. It is an example of what Bloom would refer to as a moment of negative transcendence:


Looked at sky through smoke heavy with human fat and God was not there. The cold suffocating dark goes on forever, and we are alone. Live our lives, lacking anything better to do. Devise reason later. Born from oblivion; bear children, hell-bound as ourselves; go into oblivion. There is nothing else. Existence is random. Has no pattern save what we imagine after staring at it for too long. No meaning save what we chose to impose. This rudderless world is not shaped by vague metaphysical forces. It is not God who kills the children. Not fate who butchers them or destiny that feeds them to the dogs. It's us. Only us. Streets stank of fire. The void breathed hard on my heart, turning its illusions to ice, shattering them. Was reborn then. Free to scrawl own design on this morally blank world. Was Rorschach.xxxviii


Jon's (Dr. Manhattan's) aloof consciousness of the universe as a giant clockwork machine affords him a similar point of view. Indeed, the issue featuring the bulk of his metaphysical musings ends with a powerful epigraph from Jung, which reiterates Rorschach's observations, though in a friendlier tone. "As far as we can discern, the sole purpose of human existence is to kindle a light of meaning in the darkness of mere being."xxxix This is Moore's most powerful act of kenosis, his most thorough emptying out of the precursor by insisting on total meaninglessness, total malleability.

Moore protects Watchmen from the return of the dead which threaten to break their bonds by viewing all reality - past and present - as violently empty for interpretation, subjugation and misprision (though again, Moore's metaphors, as opposed to Miller's, are textual rather than violent: "free to scrawl design on morally blank world"). Bloom writes "The poet has, in regard to the precursor's heterocosm, a shuddering sense of the arbitrary - of the equality, or equal haphazardness, of all objects."xl There can be nothing wrong with looking at human bodies and seeing a raft, or putting the entire history of superhero comic book literature into Watchmen's broad misprision. Moore's "inspiration" is preceded by his kenosis-exhalation which "breathes hard ... turning illusions to ice, shattering them."

(This study will conclude with the birth of superhero comic books that will be the successor to the Silver Age. Here we can see the stirrings of a ubiquitous aspect of those narratives, their high level of horrific (sometimes almost comic) violence, and use of horror tropes: the severing of Voodoo's legs by a super-powered serial killer in Joe Casey's "Serial Boxes" (Wildcats 14-19), the grotesque medical experiments of City Zero in Ellis's "The Day the Earth Turned Slower" (Planetary 8), and the almost ridiculous slaughter of Stormwatch by Ridley Scott's Aliens - the transition to The Authority - in the WildC.A.T.s/Aliens crossover. As a genre, horror is the superhero narrative's diametric opposite: the former portrays the terror of helplessness while the latter describes a power fantasy, par excellence. Moore revives the horror comic book, excised from its production alongside the superhero narrative by Fredric Wertham's Seduction of the Innocent, within the superhero comic book. Its appearance in Watchmen is merely the "face-hugger" from Ridley Scott's Alien. By the time the revisionary superhero narrative outgrows the Silver Age and finds itself heralding a whole new generation of superheroes the Alien's monstrous birth will have taken place and the horror comic will be running around as an integral part of the superhero landscapexli (literally in one instance: see chapter 4). As horror teaches us - and Freud and Derrida emphasize - the repressed and excised find ways of making its presence felt and nothing is ever fully or simply erased.)

It is important now to look at Moore's metaphors for the unification of this shattering, his metaphors of misprision. The reader is familiar with Rorschach's metaphor of unification from our discussion of Batman: violence and fascism. Adrian Veidt's understanding is perhaps the most interesting. Like Commissioner Gordon's anecdote about Rosevelt, meant to invoke Batman, Veidt will not unite the world through violence but through trickery. As in The Killing Joke's flashlight joke, this unification will be a trick of the light. Facing his wall of television screens Veidt gives a glimpse of the chaos of the superhero narrative: "Meanings coalesce from semiotic chaos before reverting to incoherence."xlii Like Alan Moore's kenosis he must destroy and then reconstruct in order to build "a unity which would survive him."xliii He succeeds but - like the unity created by The Dark Knight Returns which is disrupted by Year One, "revert[ing] to incoherence," - Jon must ultimately remind him when he asks, "I did the right thing, didn't I? It all worked out in the end?" that "Nothing ends, Adrian. Nothing ever ends."xliv Bloom's definition of kenosis understands that "the latter poem of deflation is not as absolute as it seems." Here Veidt the revisionist confronts the man who has seen the machinery of the universe exposed to him as his father had looked at the inside of watches, and faces the realization of comic book continuity: the chain of revision can never end. One misprision will follow upon another, each as arbitrary an organization as the one that came before.

At this point the reader may find the continual pointing out of narrative microcosms as a whole tedious, but should bear in mind the superhero narrative's high level of interaction with psychoanalysis and the common psychoanalytic theory that every element of the dream represents the dreamer. An entry from Rorschach's journal makes up the opening lines of Watchmen, and the journal is thus a synecdoche for it; the journal is ultimately delivered to the New Frontiersman, "delivered at last into the hands of a higher judgment."xlv In an example of the textual juxtaposition discussed above, this line is intended to refer back to our Black Freighter narrator, to Rorschach's Journal as an emblem of Watchmen, and to its judgment by the tradition and the reader. "I leave it entirely in your hands,"xlvi is the final line of Watchmen, as Seymour ("see more") reaches toward a pile of articles for publication on top of which Rorschach's journal sits. (Once again Watchmen is supported by a stack of texts.) As the first phase of the revisionary superhero narrative Watchmen will be judged; later phases of superhero narratives - the watchers of the Watchmen - will be this judgment.

In Hollis Mason's fictional autobiography he says he enjoyed the move from the pulps to Superman because "Here was something that presented the basic morality of the pulps without all their darkness and ambiguity."xlvii As in The Dark Knight Returns, poetic tradition is grasped through allusions: like Bruce Wayne and Zorro, Hollis Mason (the first Night Owl) admits to being inspired to be a crimefighter by reading The Shadow and Doc Savage -- the literature out of which the superhero narrative emerged. Batman: The Dark Knight Returns and Watchmen return superheroes to their pulp roots, to darkness and ambiguity; and while the second phase of the revisionary superhero narrative will find this atmosphere too dark, never again will the superhero narrative be able to return to the simplicity from which it came without coming to terms with Watchmen and The Dark Knight Returns.




i Bloom, Anxiety, p. 14.
ii Ibid., pp. 14-15.
iii Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons, Watchmen. New York: DC Comics (1986-1987), #7, p. 7-8 (my ellipses).
iv Ibid., p. 8.
v Ibid., p. 28.
vi Ibid.
vii Ibid., #9, prose.
viii Ibid., #2, prose.
ix Ibid., #1, p. 26.
x Ibid., #10, p. 11.
xi Ibid., #7, p. 8.
xii See McCue, Dark Knights, p. 73; Jeffery A. Brown, Black Superheroes, Milestone Comics and their Fans, Jackson: University Press of Mississippi (2001), p. 153; Matthew J. Pustz, Comic Book Culture, Jackson: University Press of Mississippi (1999), p. 147; and Richard Reynolds, Superheroes, p. 107.
xiii Moore, Watchmen, #3, p. 13 (my ellipsis).
xiv Ibid., #1, p.19, panel 1.
xv Bloom, Anxiety, p. 14.
xvi Moore, Watchmen, #3, p. 13.
xvii Ibid.
xviii Ibid.
xix Slavoj Žižek, Looking Awry: An Introduction to Jacques Lacan through Popular Culture, Massachusetts: MIT press (1992), p. 23.
xx It should be noted in this context that in the fictional world of Watchmen Wertham did not succeed in harming the comics industry (Moore, Watchmen, #5, prose), and superhero comic books died on their own after the emergence of real life masked adventurers. In a world where superheroes really exist, superhero comic books are not necessary, and horror/pirate comics filled the gap they left.
xxi A Tijuana Bible is a subversive form of pornography from the 30s and 40s, an illegal pulp comic book featuring established, often copyrighted, comic book characters, along with celebrities and film characters, in sexually explicit situations. Sally Jupiter's copy features her own persona, the Silk Specter.
xxii Moore, Watchmen, #3, p. 22.
xxiii Ibid.
xxiv Ibid., #5, p. 8.
xxv Ibid., p. 9.
xxvi Ibid.
xxvii Ibid., #5, p. 12.
xxviii Ibid., #3, p. 2 (my ellipsis).
xxix Ibid., #8, p. 28.
xxx Ibid., p. 13.
xxxi Ibid., pp. 7, 14 (my ellipsis).
xxxii Ibid., #10, p. 20 (Moore's ellipsis).
xxxiii Ibid. (my ellipsis).
xxxiv Ibid., #11, p. 10.
xxxv Ibid.
xxxvi Bloom, Map, 138.
xxxvii Ibid.
xxxviii Moore, Watchmen, #6, p. 26.
xxxix Ibid., #9, p. 28. It dawned on me as I read this epigraph that must inform the Wallace Stevens poem that shares a title with the ninth issue of Watchmen, "Of Mere Being." But as Bernard says to the newsvendor upon learning they have the same name, "So? Ain't no big deal. ... Don't signify for nothin'" (Ibid., #11, p. 23, my ellipses).
xl Bloom, Anxiety, p. 42.
xli Todd McFarlane's Spawn is of course a perfect example of blending superhero and horror elements; the rest of the narrative, however, lacks interest as far as this study is concerned.
xlii Moore, Watchmen, #11, p. 1.
xliii Ibid., p. 10.
xliv Ibid., #12, p. 27.
xlv Ibid., #10, p. 23.
xlvi Ibid., #12, p. 32.
xlvii Ibid., #1, prose.

 


A former Ph.D. student, Geoff Klock received his Masters in English Literature from New York University. He now studies literature as a night watchman in downtown Manhattan. This is his first book.


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